On Pierre Bourdieu's Literature And Artistic Thought

Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002), a famous contemporary French sociologist, anthropologist, educator, literary theorist. His intellectual status in France could be comparable to Sartre, Foucault, Derrida and other important thinkers. Bourdieu had the profound knowledge and the wise and farsighted thoughts,had a unique contribution to the field of Sociology, philosophy, aesthetics, education, literature and art and so on. The Western world began to concern his thoughts extensively as early as the 70s in the 20th century, especially his sociology, education, and cultural thought has been more fully studied and a large number of results come out. Domestic academic paid attention on Pierre Bourdieu's thoughts later than the west, but it adopted a same way with the west, also focused on sociology, education and cultural thinking, and has largely ignored his literary theory. There were a few Academic papers on journal focused on Bourdieu's literary and artistic thoughts, some of them had high perspicacity. But overall speaking, the researches on his literary theory presently, which are either too shallow, not profound; or too fragmented, not systematic. We have to carry out a intensively and comprehensive mining and integration.In truth, Bourdieu's works on sociology and literature center on expounding the aspect of literary art appreciation. He used his field theory to the field of literature and art, proposed the core of his literary theory"art field"concept; He tried to pass a series of false to the theory of dualism applied to literature and art criticism field, expressed to go beyond the opposing theories of false between the art of internal research and external; He applied the relationship, generation, reflective thinking to the field of literature and art, the art of re-reduction and analysis of field characteristics of the historical formation and structure, and deep reflection of the mark in the body of literature and art researchers as well as various institutional features of"intellectualism"tendencies; He applied his social class segregation theory into the field of literature and art, conducted an so far most profound disenchantment unscramble to Kant's"aesthetic interest no utilitarian"; He used his cultural criticism to the field of literature and art thoughts of news media, made a profound discussion, and provided a kind of possibility of art journalism criticism path. In addition, he also took the art field theory as the core, paid attention to art category, art-historical, writing, art museum, and many other artistic activities, the precise of elaboration has important research value and reference value to us. Besides, Bourdieu discussed his literary thought process in the theory of its consistent style: unswervingly against "grand narrative," against "package" theory. So, to Pierre Bourdieu literary thought research we think it is necessary to adopt a genesis method, on the basic of carefully read and comb his texts, objectively descript out his literary thought, Rather than a rigorous system of predefined, let his literary thought to suit our framework. In addition, to Pierre bourdieu literary thought of research, we intend to take a comb method combining with the interpretation: On the one hand, try to objective and comprehensive presents his literary thought; On the other hand, the criticism and the reflection on the rationality of his literary thought level, and efforts in examining its cross the possibility of context conversion based on the limits, reveals the helpful enlightenment to Chinese contemporary literature thought of literature and art research. Full text is divided into seven parts:The introduction part wants to introduce the research situation of Pierre Bourdieu literary thought at home and abroad, and emphatically analyzes the domestic Pierre Bourdieu literary thought research existing defects and deficiencies. On this basis, the paper put forward the research difficulties, methods, purpose and logical framework.Chapter I briefly examines the Pierre Bourdieu's life, concise analyses the Pierre Bourdieu's literary thought development course, selectively analyses its literary thought theoretical origin, they are the foundation to understand the panorama of his literary thought.Chapter II mainly discusses Pierre Bourdieu's core concept tools and literary research methods. To fully understand Pierre Bourdieu's literary thought, must first understand constitute its literary thought skeleton, namely field, capital, habitus and illusion. Field is fundamental to the art field idea concept, also is the most basic place which all actors carries on the literary arts movement. Capital is the most basic elements to determine the actors of literature and art position and change the position, Habitus is a literature art actors unconscious strategy selection of the most fundamental reasons, also is art field through the actors and other field of interaction with the deep association, Illusion is the most basic principles and beliefs to access art field. They constitute the basic skeleton of art field. In addition, this chapter we also discusses Pierre Bourdieu's relational, generative, reflective literary research methods. Relational way of thinking aims to break the limitations of substantive thinking through the literature and arts study, wants to place the literature artists in a broader social space relationships inspection; Generative thinking is for the purpose of breaking the former ultra space and time deduction to literature and art study, trying to restore the historical dimension; Reflective thinking mode is designed to request literary researchers to recognize the various epistemology faults, thus safeguarding prejudice the objectivity of literature and art study.Chapter III mainly discusses Pierre Bourdieu art field theory. Art field is Pierre Bourdieu literary thought core. Pierre Bourdieu summarized art field "dual position" (the ruling classes by rulers) and "dual structure" (limited production field and big production field) features through to the 19th century French literature, painting independent revolutionary historical analysis, and further points out that the art of scientific analysis should have three specific steps. The most important is that He puts forward beyond literary internal and external research false opposing theory demands based on the analysis of the above. Through the art field theory, Pierre Bourdieu use his core concepts in detail, and thoroughly expressed his literary research methods, all this work laid a theoretical foundation activities for analysis of concrete art.Chapter IV mainly discussed the Pierre Bourdieu's analysis on aesthetic interest, art category, art history writing, and so on narrow art activities. Pierre bourdieu on the basis reviving the traditional taste connotation, questioned Kant's "aesthetic interest no utilitarian", and considered that the understanding of the historical context and must be returned to the social structure, aesthetic taste of unalloyed under actual concealed carry out a utilitarian social segregation function; Pierre Bourdieu traced back to the original connotation of"category"to explanation category, that art category is actually artists and art researchers segregation itself, a tool of pursuit differences; On basic of analysing social and institutional classic art, put forward some reflection of writing. In addition, Pierre Bourdieu system expounded its"language symbolic power"and"language exchange economy"language view, tried to unravel the language behavior as"expected profit"behind for the purpose symbolic power operation, to our understanding of literary language has the certain enlightenment significance.Chapter V mainly discusses Bourdieu's analysis of General arts, such as TV media, art museums, photography based on the art field. Bourdieu used the media on TV to criticize the television, he put forward a possibility of an Art News Criticism; and he also proposed a hidden function of social segmentation based on the empirical investigation of the museum, besides that, he pointed out that arts education plays an inequality role in the reproduction. In addition, Bourdieu pointed out the characteristics of social segmentation of art activities through the analysis of photography.Chapter VI tried to Pierre Bourdieu literary thought for a comprehensive, reasonable, dialectical evaluation, affirmed Pierre Bourdieu literature thought has value, but also face factors of its shortcomings and defects. On the analysis of Pierre Bourdieu China cross context conversion possibility, on the basis of limits to mining Pierre Bourdieu contemporary Chinese literary studies on the beneficial enlightenment, highlighted its generative and relational the importance of literary research methods.In short, Pierre Bourdieu firmly opposed grand narrative theory characteristics. Theoretical pursuit that he pursues transcends art research in the process of those false conflicts. Relational, generative, reflexivity, these theory research methods and his Intellectual conscience which harshly criticize all unfair phenomena have important theoretical value and enlightening significance. To inspect and discuss his literary thought can help us to understand the development of western literary thought of dynamic and provide important reference, it also has an important enlightenment for domestic contemporary literature studies and literary theory construction.