A Study On The Retainer System In Zhou Dynasty

Retainer as a special group, the family constitutes Bureaucrats an important part of politics. Zhou retainer system and the patriarchal and feudal system and the fief system closely related to the distinctive political feature of the Zhou Dynasty together to build a major system. This paper will be divided into six chapters to conduct a comprehensive study of the system.Chapter one Retainer System causes of the Zhou Dynasty. Retainer system as a hierarchical structure of the Zhou Dynasty, the nobles, especially Bureaucrats at all levels of an important impact on the family politics of a political system is patriarchal and feudal system of the implementation of the inevitable result of the patriarchal clan system, the source packet system on retainer, retainer system essential characteristics of the core content and had a major impact on both. Retainer system maturity and the growth of perfect and Bureaucrats forces close first off, a fief of the hereditary system of the country situation undoubtedly the formation of post-doctor played a role in fueling. Bureaucrats are not only a private fief territory, fief within the retainer is organized to be effective, in the forefront of national politics, vassal fief system is a powerful sound system to be based on. Thus, retainer system itself in the development of study and complete all the changes that occur during a certain extent, you can glimpse from the side of the case law and feudal system and the manor system, the implementation of Zhou Dynasty and destruction in the overall situation.Chapter two set Zhou Bureaucrats private retainer, responsibilities and characteristics. Western Zhou Dynasty and Spring and Autumn Period Bureaucrats private retainer functions in both settings and there are new changes in the inheritance, the early Western Zhou Dynasty established, royal power, of State rights is relatively weak, so the Western Zhou Dynasty Retainer more focused on direct orders from the royal family of the Jin Kingdom family and the fief, set the situation is relatively simple, mainly led by the chief steward and the three problems, and the historian, were, Pu, and wish, musicians and other Officials, including the retainer system. Retainer few varieties at this time, the division of labor is not clear, the performance of the retainer system generated initial imperfect features. Big Spring and Autumn period with the right of the powerful, the center of the Retainer and improve public Bureaucrats from the royal family and the manor house into a vassal state of the Bureaucrats country house and its fief. Bureaucrats in the simulation of many royal family, based on the Bureaucracy's Office, set up a retainer two perfect decency: And he led a set, responsible for managing the internal affairs of the family of Bureaucrats, led by another responsible for the management of State Zeyi Yizai The doctor held manors affairs. Retainer system depends on the right of the vassal state of Qing been strong and mature and improve.Chapter three the Zhou Dynasty retainer sources and social status. The source of the Zhou Dynasty retainers can be divided in general retainer and non-patriarchal clan system of two types of retainers, retainers Bureaucrats in the early Zhou Dynasty set in the case of the same clan to play more, reflecting the distinctive patriarchal characteristics.In addition, the Western Zhou Dynasty Bureaucrats family retainers are also non-patriarchal existence. They even formed similar to the clan with the master of the house have a close relationship between members, also known as "fake blood relationship." Religious Retainer Spring and Autumn period still exist, while non-patriarchal set retainer areas in a broader spread gradually, so that the source of retainer showing a wide range of features. The one hand, the social status of retainers Zhou Shang Dynasty inherited the features of identity as a slave, on the other hand, it is accompanied by the continuous Zhou ritual system complete with the times and showing a combination of dynamic features. Western Zhou Dynasty, the traditional retainers of lower social status, personal attachment to the house of the Lord strong in the late Spring and Autumn, with the major emergence of various Hou Guoqiang Han cases, the family retainer attached to Bureaucrats forces because of the enhancement of the status of the owner be enhanced, public and private translocation phenomenon often. On retainer Internally, there are "Gui Chen" and "Zhong Chen", "Shichen" and "New Hill" level of difference, while a doctor title of the retainer retainers organization as privileged, as the natural non-comparable general retainer .Chapter four the Zhou Dynasty retainer level relationship with the Lord Nelson changes. Zhou family relationship between the main and the retainer of the retainer are also an important impact on the system, a change factor, Zhou traditional retainer "as the faithful," the conscious, pursuing a "family only know I do not know their country" and " I do not know Second Life "principle. Even trouble the Lord, the soul of dead things, life and death to it. Retainer on the main house reflects a strong personal attachment features. Spring and Autumn period, with changes in social structure, power continues to move down, retainers of the house of the Lord continue to undermine the relations of personal dependence, retainers own ever-increasing mobility, self-awareness has increased, to a certain extent, tend to have separate rules for and evaluation standards, "no matter II Monarch" the traditional concept of broken and promoted the birth of the concept of equality of ruler and subject, the relationship between home owners and retainers, the retainers are no longer blindly in a passive position, often shown between the two sides Characteristics of two-way choice.Chapter five retainer forces the growth of Spring and Autumn Period. Spring and Autumn period, the retainer forces to strengthen the premise that the rapid development of Bureaucrats forces, due to the rise of major kingdoms Bureaucrats, retainers position would be enhanced opportunities for participation in the growing national politics, retainers as Bureaucrats private vassals, is Bureaucrats in dealing with mergers of war and confrontation to rely on the public rooms in the main force, therefore, retainers in the Bureaucrats private struggle with the role of the public rooms to enhance combat power and growth is a concentrated expression of retainers. As a private retainer and retainer both Bureaucrats dual role of the military Peichen, so their "public" and "private" shows two sides of the struggle is often characteristic. They or the king's centrifugal factor, or the use of the contradiction between the monarch and the Bureaucrats become the king's solidarity with those. Chapter six Retainer rebellion and retainer system decline and demise. Retainer of the rebellion and the "implementation of national life Peichen" situation indicates the formation of retainer already reached a dead end system, the most serious problem of Lu's retainers, rebellion is most frequent and most extensive literature. Lu Guoqiang large clan forces and the stick is the fief system, the historical factors rebellion retainers, patriarchal home owners and the new master of the house of their own quality differences and Qilu confrontation between the kingdom and minister constitute practical reasons the insurgency. Lu not only marks the retainer retainers rebel forces reached a peak, but also indicates a certain extent, the decline of the traditional system of retainers and die. Retainer system has a profound history of the death of inevitability, it is the feudal lord system growing economy in the Spring and Autumn period of the collapse of striking portrayal of the ultimate collapse. Lu Zhou post retainer retainers reflected in changes in the enhanced mobility of retainer system is reduced to the collapse of the traditional process, in addition to "state enforcement Peichen fate" JIE JU role and "Maintaining Scholars" can be seen as the rise of the Zhou vassal direct cause of the decline of the system.