| CaoZhi is a great writer who live at a turn of Chinese classical culture and literature,he produce excellent results in the domain literary and artistic creation and gain great accomplishment which can represent a times sufficiently.Many people believe that the research on CaoZhi have been deep and thorough,in fact,many problems have not been made a deep and thorough analysis except a few subjects on his poems and songs,and his prose is so especially.The work to study and summarize CaoZhi's literary creation and historical position comprehensively have not done fully.This thesis is hoped to use abundant data and novel angle of view to discuss and summarize the literary achievements and historical position of CaoZhi comprehensively.This thesis has 12 chapters besides the introduction.The introduction discuss 3 problems:1.To discuss the circulating situation of CaoZhi's works of literature and art,and solve some problems which confused people over a long period of time.2.To discuss the present situation and deficiency on the study of CaoZhi generally.Firstly,to discuss the present situation of the study of CaoZhi from 8 aspects:First,on the systematization and study of CaoZhi's works of literature and art;second,on the systematization and study of the data of CaoZhi's life;third,on the research of CaoZhi's philosophical ideology and political concept;fourth,on the study of CaoZhi's ideology of literature and art;fifth, on the study of CaoZhi's literary creation;sixth, on the study of CaoZhi's inheriting problems to the literary legacy;seventh, on the study of CaoZhi's status and influence in the history of literature;eighth, on the study of the comparison between CaoZhi and other authers.Secondly,to discuss generally the deficiency on the study of CaoZhi:First,the textual research of the biographical note on CaoZhi;second,the systematization of CaoZhi's works of literature and art;third,the learning origins of CaoZhi;fourth,having studied under of CaoZhi on literature;fifth,the state of phase of CaoZhi's creation;sixth,the study of CaoZhi's cifu;seventh,the comprehensive study of CaoZhi's poems and songs;eighth,the study of CaoZhi's prose;nineth, on the study of CaoZhi's literary creation dan literary position.3.To illustrate briefly the creativity of the thesis from 6 aspects.The first chapter:The historical and literatural environments what CaoZhi live in.This chapter discuss mainly 3 problems:1.The pluralism of political centres in Jianan times create radical strike at the men of letters on their moral emotion and political emotion,and this state of affairs influence extremely their literary creation.The thesis dicuss this problem from 3 aspects:First,scholar-officials'attitude towards the Han Dynasty;second,contemporary people's attitude towards the Caowei regime;third,CaoZhi's attitude towards the Han Dynasty.2.The ideological trend and mental outlook have changed tremendously along with the disintegration of Confucianism and the pluralism of systematic learning,and that result in alteration of literary creation.The thesis dicuss three kinds of manifestation of the evolution of the systematic learning ,they are that the various schools of thought and their exponents are on the up-grade,the local learning centre that their characteristics take shape and the nonprincipal ideology spread around.And it also discuss three kinds of ideological system which influence contemporary people tremendously,they are the theory of legalists,Taoist school and the Taoist religion,and the theory of naturalism of Wangchong.3.The basic changes take place of the social role and function of the man of letters along with alteration of cultural pattern,and the initial Confucian scholars divided into political talents,bachelors of arts and scholars of dark learning.The thesis take three contemporary famous families as example to discuss the problem.The second chapter:To inquire into the problem again that CaoPi and CaoZhi fight for the place of crown prince. This chapter use abundant data to discuss the characteristics nature and ideological trend of CaoCao,CaoPi and CaoZhi,and inquire into why that CaoCao remain undecided on the problem to set up the place of crown prince and why that CaoCao choose CaoPi as crown prince finally.At the same time,this chapter dicuss the influence of this affair on CaoZhi's life and creative work.This chapter discuss the problem from 4 aspects:1.CaoCao remain undecided and make his choice finally.CaoCao like a capable person,so that he love CaoZhi.He choose CaoPi finally when he consider that many old and well-known families support CaoPi.2.CaoPi's disposition and daily action.CaoPi's feeling of blood relations is very indifferent and his daily action is dissipated so that CaoCao do not like him.He is supported by many old and well-known families,so that CaoCao choose him as crown prince.3.CaoZhi brim with talent and avoid arousing suspicion.CaoZhi is a literary and artistic genius and a honest and kindhearted man,so that he is doted on by his father and is supported by his follwers.He do not want to be a crown prince so that he avoid arousing suspicion and make a concession.4.Research on the causes of CaoZhi's conviction in the early period of Huangchu.The causes of CaoZhi's conviction in the early period of Huangchu in that he held memorial ceremony for his father without permission so that he is in conflict with his elder brother.The third chapter:The academic origins of CaoZhi.This chapter dicuss 3 problems generally:1.CaoZhi has a solid foundation of systematic learning,and he read extensively and choose carefully,he assimilate knowledge in many ways,all achievements of systematic learning before,such as study of Confucian classics,the science of history and the various schools of thought and their exponents,have entered his field of vision,and he look out the nonmainstream cultural sphere,such as weishu,celestial being and the Taoist religion and Buddhism.2.CaoZhi's embrace of The book of Songs was not confined to an original system of thought,but he was influenced greatly by hanshi,and all these have abundant manifestation in his literary creation.3.There are intimate relations between CaoZhi and the school of thought of Jingzhou on academic tradition,literary ideology and political activities,and he was influenced especiallyby Wangcan and Han Danchun who are the chief members of the shool of thought of Jingzhou on philosophy of life,the daily action,the literary creation and ability of art.The fourth chapter:The inheritance of literature.This chapter dicuss comprehensively the situation of the inheritance of literature of CaoZhi from The book of Songs,The Songs of the south,hanfu and yuefu through investigate characteristics of literary creation of CaoZhi,and dicuss CaoZhi how to produce his literary achievements and artistic style on the basis of inheritance of achievements of the old generation.To discuss the problems from 5 aspects:1.To discuss that CaoZhi abide by and persist in the creative methods ,the creative style and the principle to demonstrate feelings of The book of Songs,and to discuss that CaoZhi imitate the mood of The book of Songs and emulate the creative methods of bixing,the art of composition and sentence structure and language of The book of Songs.2.To discuss that CaoZhi was influenced by QuYuan on the moral quality and ideology and literary creation.3.To discuss that CaoZhi was keen on cifu and carry on the subject matter,the technique to narrate in detail,artistic realm and flowery language of hanfu.4.To discuss that CaoZhi was influenced by hanyuefu in many ways on his creation of poems and songs,but when he write his poetry,he take CaoCao as his model.5.To discuss that CaoZhi carry on ancient poetry in many ways,and to investigate especially that he was a disciple of WangCan on the creation of poems and songs.The fifth chapter:The evolution of literature of Jianan and the place of CaoZhi.To discuss 4 problems:1.As a process,the literature of Jianan oppear different features at its different stages.2.To investigate that ZhangHeng and CaiYong,as the forerunners of the literature of Jianan,how to influence the literature of Jianan,especially how CaiYong influence the literature of Jianan in many ways.3.To discuss the interim character of the literature of the early stage of Jianan.It is the variation of the literature of Han Dynasty and it is the precursor of literature of Jianan too.Its content and style display variety.4.To discuss the grand occasion of the literary world of Yexia,and to discuss that the literature of Jianan and Han Dynasty differ greatly in literary ideology and literary creation,because the individuality,feeling and flowery language are emphasized in the literature of Jianan,so that it was believed that this are the days of the consciousness of literature.5.To discuss that CaoZhi gather together all that is good of the literature of Jianan,and he summarize and deepen the literature of Jianan and he become the forerunner of the literature of Zhengshi.The sixth chapter:The character of phase of CaoZhi's literary creation. This chapter discuss the different features of his literary creation at his different phase of life in the light of his daily life and works,and investigate the deepgoing cause why to create such discrepancy,so that it can provide foundation for comprehensively appraise CaoZhi's creating achievements and the stylistical characteristics.1.To discuss that the content was comparatively simple and the ideology and feeling were comparatively superficial in CaoZhi's literary creation at the period of Jianan.The forms of literature take cifu as the dominant factor,the poems and songs take the poems to present each other with as the dominant factor,and the prose take letter,thesis and eulogy as the dominant factor in CaoZhi's literary creation.He pay attention to authenticity and lack imagination in his literary creation.He pay attention to imitation and lack the original idea.2.He take preserving his life as his principal content of his literary creation in the period of Huangchu.He lay equal stress on poetry,prose and cifu in the forms of literature.He wield bixing and symbolism in the creating methods and styles.His feeling become deep and the implication of his works become abundant.3.The content of CaoZhi's works become abundant and complicated and was filled with deep ponderation of life in the period of Taihe.The forms of literature are various and his literary achievements are splendid.His creating methods and styles become more ripe and form his stylistical system.the seventh chapter:The study of CaoZhi's cifu.To discuss 4 problems generally:1.CaoZhi like cifu from childhood and that his creation present defferent characteristics at his different phase of life on the quantity,creating methods,depicting content and literary style.2.To discuss that CaoZhi's cifu has various subject matter and content and his creation of cifu become nestling up against life and common customs.3.CaoZhi's cifu has various forms of literature and excellent skill of art and distinctive and unique style of art,and the vehement style was his criterion of aesthetics on his creation of cifu.CaoZhi's cifu has the characteristics that it has abundant feeling,distinctive individuality,vehement sentimentalism and suit both refined and popular tastes.The eighth chapter:The study of CaoZhi's poetry.This chapter discuss 5 problems generally:1.CaoZhi's creation of poems and songs has a obvious changing process on the forms of literature,subject matter,creating skills and creating styles,and he acquire brilliant achievements because he carry on the achievements of predecessors and study hard and think deeply,especially observe and learn profoundly from real life.2.To discuss the classification,the artistic achievements and the stylistical characteristics of CaoZhi's yuefushi,and prove that CaoZhi's yuefushi are all qingshangyue,so that it has clear and far-reching and sadly moving characteristics.3.CaoZhi's poems with five characters to a line has abundant content,excellent skill and his creation establish an immortal example for the poets of later ages.4.To discuss the characteristics of CaoZhi's four-character poems on the content and the skills,especially to discuss his original ideas for resolving the problems of stiffness.5.To discuss CaoZhi's poems and songs according the characteristics of theme,and put his creation into the course of the development of poetry to study the condition of the inheritation and origination on CaoZhi's creation of poems and songs,especially discuss his achievements,influence and historical position of zengdashi,yanyinshi,yongshishi,youxianshi and qifuyuannvshi.The nineth chapter:The study of CaoZhi's prose.This chapter will put CaoZhi's various forms of prose in their developing and evolving course to discuss the excellent artistic achievements of CaoZhi's creation of prose and his reforming achievements to various forms of prose.To prove that CaoZhi was the earlist founder of the Chinese aesthetical prose through discussing that CaoZhi pay attention to images and feeling in his creation of prose.To discuss the problem from 6 aspects:1.To discuss the contents at the different periods and the overal artistic characteristics of CaoZhi's zhang and biao.2.To discuss the ideological content and artistic characteristics of CaoZhi's song and zan.3.To discuss the abundant content and excellent skills of CaoZhi's xu,especially emphasize the significance of his xu to literary awaken-self.4.To discuss the characteristics of content and the recognizing value and aesthetical value of CaoZhi's letter and thesis. 5.Put Caozhi's ming and lei in their historical developing course to discuss his reforming achievements to traditional prose.6.To discuss the artistic characteristics of CaoZhi's aici and other prose and their influence to later ages.The tenth chapter:The inclination of popularizing of CaoZhi's creation.This chapter discuss 3 problems generally:1.The disintegration of Confucianism and the slackness of the Confucian ethical code result in the alteration of mood of society and interpersonal relation,and all this provide cultural circumstances for the popularization of literature and the flourishing of popular literature.2.The writers of Jianan were mostly gifted in many ways and pay attention to the creation of popular literature.3.CaoZhi's creation of literature has a obvious popularizing trend on the forms of literature and expressing skills and he produce many popular works,all this prove the real awakenness of literature from an aspects.The eleventh chapter:CaoZhi and the strength of character of Jianan.This chapter discuss 2 problems generally:1.To make a thorough investigation of the profound causes of historical culture and social psychology which produce the vehement style,and discuss that the contradiction of abiding by tradition and publicizing personality were the fundamental cause which enable the literature of Jianan to produce the vehement style.2.The strength of character of Jianan manifest particularly as a series of antithesis and conflict in CaoZhi's literatural ideology and the creation of literature,such as neutralization and vehement,conveying the Tao and expressing one's emotion,actuality and imagination,refined and popular,grandiose and soft and mild and so on.The twelfth chapter:The influence of CaoZhi on the literature of WeiJinNanbei Dynasty.This chapter discuss 2 problems generally:1.The influence of CaoZhi at every period of WeiJinNanbei Dynasty,was different along with the different historical cultural environments.It was recognized gradually along with the changing of cultural circumstances and was paid high tribute to and have become"The sage of article"finally.2.CaoZhi's creation of literature has tremendous influence on the literature of WeiJinNanbei Dynasty on the forms of literature and creating skills.His many famous articles produce enormous influence in WeiJinNanbei Dynasty,and were widely read by people,were emulated and imitated by writers.
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