Commentary On Studies Of Inscriptions In Qing Dynasty

Qing Dynasty was the most critical era of the history of Chinese characters study. It had a pivotal position. The late Qing scholars correctly understood the evolution of the text. It made the literature study to scientific research. The ancient text study since twentieth century was starting from here. The ancient text study in the late Qing Dynasty basically got rid of the style of speculation from the Song Dynasty until the early Qing Dynasty, and started the scientific approach to seeking truth from facts. This was an important turning point in the text study history.The Qing Dynasty rulers adopted a harsh culture rule, which was the social and political causes to form Jin textual features characterized in text study; succession of academic and scientific research methods was its internal causes. In addition, the outcomes of the Jin literature study in the Song Dynasty provided a wealth of research data and practical research methods for the Qing Dynasty scholars. Newly discovered bronzes provided the first hand material to the study, these factors led to the flourishing Jin literature study in the Qing Dynasty. Discovery of Oracle in the late Qing Dynasty had epoch-making significance on the study of ancient character. Scholars in the late Qing Dynasty had made outstanding achievements by using Oracle materials in a highly theoretical perspective on development and evolution of Chinese characters.Jin literature books in the Qing Dynasty were more than any other time in the past. From the early Republic of China so far, there have been scholars to organize bibliographic and research the Qing Dynasty books. Qing Dynasty had about forty Jin literature books of bronze images, rubbings and copies also had as much as nearly three thousand Shang, Zhou Dynasties bronzes that have word on it. The Jin text inspection and explanation also made unprecedented achievements in literacy easily depleted situation. Qing scholars released about five hundred words. The Qing Dynasty also had an outstanding contribution in the approach of Jin literature study. The comparison method of the Song Dynasty had been used more widely in the Qing Dynasty. The surveying method and the radical method also had been used more refined and scientific. In addition, using the law of double evidence indicated the maturity of Jin literary theory, the purpose of Jin text study more clearly. Jin words became important first hand materials to study history and culture when Jin text study jumped out of the narrow scope of epigraphy. As for the problems, the study was limited by corroded bronze, ancient names and graphic text objectively as well similar text writing form subjectively. Some of these factors will remain there. Although generally speaking, Qing Dynasty scholar did not pay attention to the study in the objects, but also made some achievements. Category naming study solved the confusion of the general name and the special names since the Song Dynasty, "" The name problems, but also defined the classification criteria that is named by the function of objects.In the division of history into periods study, the Qing Dynasty scholars had more clearly understanding than the Song Dynasty scholars, the method was relatively scientific. They comprehensive used of calendar presumption, people and events presumption and inscriptions writing style presumption and other means. In the Qing Dynasty Scholars had an initial "standard object" concept, these are worthy of recognition.The Qing Dynasty scholars in Jin literary study made the unprecedented achievements and the innovative research methods, far-reaching implications for future generations. Inscriptions collection, collation and recording in the Qing Dynasty left wealth of information for future generations. In philology theory, they began to explore the evolution of the text and made some theoretical breakthrough. In the late Qing Dynasty had a recognizable conclusion on the study of Gu text era; although there were no conclusive findings on the study of Zhou text era, but raised the issue of future generations to explore. Qing scholars looked at sscientifically and used Jin text information to make corrections on , these impressive achievements are worthy of recognition. As the influence, the achievements of the Republic of China scholars on Jin literary and the new trend on Jin literary study after the Republic of China has a close relationship to the development and contribution of Jin literary in the late Qing Dynasty. This project includes the following Content:Review the Jin literary study before the Qing Dynasty. Define the starting point, materials relied upon and reference method for the study in the Qing Dynasty.Review and analysis Jin literary study of the Qing Dynasty as a whole, analysis the reasons for the development of literature in the study, find out the external environment and inner strength to promote the development, clarify the context of Jin literary development during this period. Briefly introduce and evaluate Jin literature books in the Qing Dynasty in order to have a more objective and clear understanding on the Jin literary study history of the Qing Dynasty.Have a comprehensive study on the achievements and the methods of Jin literary explanation in the Qing Dynasty, described the gains and losses, and explore their causes.Introduce naming, classification and division of history into periods study on the bronzes in Qing Dynasty, discuss the method of division of history into periods on bronzes in the Qing Dynasty and analysis the achievements and shortcomings.Discuss the achievements of Jin literary in the late Qing Dynasty and the impact on future generations.This study not only descripts and evaluates a comprehensive of research Jin literature in the Qing Dynasty but also considers that the Jin literary study in the Qing Dynasty is a part of the history of philology. Through the achievements of the Qing Dynasty scholars, recognize the status and contribution of the study in the history of philology.