From ZHAO Shu-li To ZHAO Ben-shan

There are close relationship between Chinese literature and art and folk culture in twentieth century, therefore, folk culture is one of the best points of view to study the literature and art in twentieth century in China. Through text analysis, we found that the folk culture shown in the text of Chinese literature and art in twentieth century was almost always in a state of being covered. To sum up, there are five main forms:the folk culture of the enlightenment perspective; aesthetic perspective folk culture; folk culture from the perspective of political utility; folk culture from the perspective of popular culture entertainment consumption; folk culture in rural endorsement form texts. The reason led to folk culture shown in texts of literature and art in the state of the shade is that the creators of these texts in the performance of folk culture, when are in the position external to the folk culture, with an elite consciousness.There is still a form of folk culture shown in Chinese literature and art in twentieth century, which is shown by spokesmen for folk culture who is of the folk culture origin, to some extent got rid of the shackles of elite consciousness after occupying elite positions. We call it the folk culture of self-expression which got the dominant position. It is relatively closer to the original form of folk culture. ZHAO Shu-li and ZHAO Ben-shan are the most outstanding representatives of folk culture spokesmen. ZHAO Shu-li, as double flies of the intellectual elite consciousness and mainstream ideology, showed the real folk culture in his own literary and artistic texts. First of all, his texts showed the true political, cultural, ecology of true countryside, and shaped the images of many real farmers. Secondly, he had conscious awareness of pursuit for its own creating ability of folk culture. He intended to folk culture-based created new "modern literature" which is different from the May Fourth new literature, integrating traditional folk culture resources, the May Fourth new literature resources and practical needs of farmers. Thirdly, he attached great importance to the Chinese traditional opera and folk art, to the late, particular emphasis on the research, creation and support for the Chinese traditional opera and folk art. Of course, ZHAO Shu-li had no way beyond the era and politics, so the folk culture shown in his literary and artistic texts was restricted and reformed to a certain extent by the mainstream ideology. However, he has a unique conscious awareness for the main spokesman of the folk culture, and thus became the ultimate victim of the mainstream ideology.ZHAO Ben-shan is speakers of the northeast folk culture. Northeast folk culture nurtured him, and behind all art forms he involved in, the factors of song and dance duet play an important role in. ZHAO Ben-shan shows the real northeast folk culture in his own artistic text. First of all, he adopted parody of simulation techniques from the northeast folk culture to reproduce the complete positive images of ordinary farmers truly comprehensive, and the rural scenes of the northeast have also been shown close to the original ecology. Secondly, all ZHAO Ben-shan's performing arts forms, from song and dance duet, to comedy sketches, to films and television shows showing the current living conditions of rural farmers with vision of farmers, have the folk culture of which song and dance duet as the main representative for the foundation. Thirdly, he not only shows the folk culture of the Northeast with his own personal artistic practice, but also creates a great cultural industry of drama with rich northeast taste. He made the song and dance duet popular in the whole country. ZHAO Ben-shan made northeastern folk culture get the real opportunity to show his own original form, and acquire some words right by means of popular culture and mainstream ideology. However, he also was given the transformation of the restrictions coming from the mainstream ideology, intellectual elite culture, and mass culture.From ZHAO Shu-li to ZHAO Ben-shan, great changes have taken place, about the times, the environment, and the psychological mindset of the people, so there are both similarities and difference in these aspects, such as the way shown, aesthetic taste, displaying purposes when they show the real folk culture. In short, "surface is popular, content is elegant "is the nature of ZHAO Shu-li's literary works, and "surface is popular, content is of entertainment" is ZHAO Ben-shan's artistic works'features. Though folk culture has some words right to a certain extent, there is still variation in body condition, and Workers'Literature is the most typical representatives. The fundamental reason is that it is difficult to break the "core - periphery model" which has been formed between the mainstream elite culture and folk culture. There has always been a discourse system in which mainstream cultural discourse has hegemony on folk culture discourse. This discourse system reflects a non-ecological cultural value. We must establish an ecological culture concept which contains equal dialogue, the overall system, open and pluralistic consciousness. In this way, we can truly revive folk culture. It may succeed to build a balanced state of contemporary Chinese cultural ecosystem.The revitalization of folk culture is not our ultimate goal. Our ultimate aim is to promote a healthier, more vibrant generation of cultural ecology through the revitalization of folk culture, to lead to more free and comprehensive human development.