Deang Language Long And Short Vowels

The studied on short and long vowels are important parts in language research, and is not limited to the research on the difference of duration and quality, but the more important is to studied the relationships between short and long vowels and the coda type and tone generation, and to probe into the trend of historical evolution of short and long vowels. The short and long vowels in different languages have different performances and characteristics, it is help to understand the essential characteristic of the short and long vowels that taking research on the phenomenon of short and long vowels in different languages. The thesis is to classify and analyze the short and long vowels of Deang dialect which belonges to Austro-Asiatic Mon-Khmer language family, and to probe into the acoustic features and the relationship between coda and tone etc. from the perspective of the evolution phenomenon of De'ang dialect.Three dialects including Santaishan and Raojin which are characterized short and long vowels, and Rumai which characterized tones are investigated. On the basis of sorting out the historical development law of short and long vowels of De'ang language, the paper mainly probed into the phenomena of short and long vowels in duration, vowel quality and pitch, and discussed the relationship between vowels length and different kinds of code and tones, and then analyzed the phonetics theory of short and long vowels via comparing the characteristics of short and long vowels of other languages.This paper is divided into five chapters to study short and long vowels of De'ang language:The first chapter is the introduction, mainly introducing characteristics of vowels of Mon-Khmer language, vowel evolution theory, features of duration and tongue position of short and long vowels, and the relationship between short and long vowels and tones and syllable endings.The second chapter focuses on basic phonetics characteristics and features of vowels of different dialects under De'ang language and outlines the phonetics and vowel features of cognate languages at the same time. With comparative and historical variation theory.The third chapter sorts out the relationship between short and long vowels and corresponding Shu and Chu endings and low and high tones, and concludes the evolution features of short and long vowels that short vowels evolve downwards, long vowels evolve upwards, and the condition of simple vowels'evolution into compound vowels is long vowels.The fourth chapter analyzes the acoustic features of short and long vowels of Santaisan dialect and Raojin dialect from three aspects of duration, vowel quality and pitch with Experimental Phonetics methods, and verify the evolution characteristics and development trend of short and long vowels in historical comparison in the third chapter.The fifth chapter is the summary and discussion section of this paper.This paper summarizes that short and long vowels of De'ang language have the following characteristics:[1] The long and short vowels correspond to Shu and Cu endings separately. Nasal endings can regulate the function of duration:the duration of the nasal coda after a short vowel is significantly longer than after a long vowel; moreover, on the basis of the function above, there are exceptions to outside the phenomenon that tone 412 and 51 in Guangka dialect are correspond to the long and short vowels in Santaishan and Raojin dialects,[2] Vowel acoustic space shows that the tongue position of short vowels is lower than that of long vowels, which provides the physics conditions for the downward and centralized on short vowels and upward on long vowels, and this evolvement trend is kept in Male but died down in Female.[3] The duration and the quality of vowels can turned to each other in the historical evolution, there is complementary between the duration and the quality. [4] The pitch of short vowels is higher than that of the long vowels, and the short vowels is correspond to the high tone in Cu endings and the long vowels to the low tone in Shu endings.[5] There is the evolution trend that the back vowels develop into front, for example, u>(?)>γ, u>γ>ε, (?)>ε.[6] From the perspective of the vowel acoustic space, the degree of the language development, and the syllable structure, Raojin dialect is characterized centralized in its closed system in comparison with other languages.Finally, this paper compares the characteristics of short and long vowels of De'ang language with those of Sino-Tibetan languages and foreign languages to verify some universal conclusions. Moreover, the conclusion of the core relation between De'ang long and short vowels and coda and tone in duration and pitch is discussed, as well as the evolution trend of the long and short vowels.Due to the diversity and ubiquitous similarities between languages, to discuss the issue on linguistic universals and diachronic linguistic, inductive and deductive method alone is not enough and verification is necessary. Thus, regarding the research methods, this paper combines historical-comparative analysis based on inductive reasoning and experimental acoustic analysis based on control and statistics. Only by combining the two methods could we study the characteristics and development trend of a language objectively. This paper's study on short and long vowels of De'ang Language is actually a continuation of theories and methods of Comparative Historical Linguistics and a kind of application of Modern Phonetics research methods.