Research On The Inherited Relationship Between Pre-Qin Zhuzi And Huai Nanzi

Huai Nanzi is the most important carrier of Pre-Qin Zhuzi in Pre-Han Dynasty, as theory achievement of thinking back to Pre-Qin Zhuzi from Liu An and his hangers-on. In these theory achievement, Huai Nanzi absorbed some thoughts and ideas from Lao Zi, Zhuang Zi and Han Feizi, then brought them into Huai Nanzi's field of view, became the most comprehensive expression of Pre-Qin Zhuzi in Pre-Han Dynasty. Therefore, only did we took an intensive study on the relationship between Pre-Qin Zhuzi and Huai Nanzi, we can understand better on the historical role of Huai Nanzi's comprehensive expression.This dissertation takes the relationship between Pre-Qin Zhuzi and Huai Nanzi as research object, makes a comprehensive collation and study on it for the first time, such as Huai Nanzi and Lao Zi, Huai Nanzi and Zhuang Zi, Huai Nanzi and the Literature of Military Strategists, Huai Nanzi and the Doctrine of Zouyan, Huai Nanzi and Five Elements and Negative and Positive. There are seven chapters in the dissertation.The first chapter discusses the history of research on Huai Nanzi, and then analyze the academic significance of this dissertation. The author hold that the collation and annotation of Huai Nanzi from many scholars had been more perfect, but on content system and development among academic history, the research is inadequate in the academic community. Therefore, this dissertation studies on special subjects:the research on relationship between Huai Nanzi and Lao Zi, Huai Nanzi and Zhuang Zi, Huai Nanzi and the Literature of Military Strategists in Pre-Qin, Huai Nanzi and the Doctrine of Zouyan, Huai Nanzi and Five Elements and Negative and Positive.In the point of view from Yao Lve (要略),The second chapter narrates analyze the reason of Liu An wrote Huai Nanzi, then discusses on the result of Huai Nanzi's comprehensive expression on Pre-Qin Zhuzi. and then make readsers known on the research achivement of this dissertation.Firstly, in Yao Lve(要略),which is a programmatic summary, Liu An and his hangers-on discussed the emergement of Pre-Qin Zhuzi from external causes, and the academic development of the Pre-Qin times, emphasized the crucial role of the change of social situation to the academic development. It is not only illuminated briefly the ideological content and meanings of Huai Nanzi, but demonstrated the relationship of academic spirit between Huai Nanzi and Pre-Qin Zhuzi. This makes Huai Nanzi embodyed the character of Times, and brought the theories of Pre-Qin Zhuzi into its field, became the most comprehensive expression of Pre-Qin Zhuzi in Pre-Han Dynasty.Secondly, the more important academic significance of Yao Lve (要略)is that it is the theoretical results about integration and reflection of Pre-Qin Zhuzi. Yao Lve (要略)discussed detailedly the structure of Huai Nanzi, which has abundant gradation and close contact. Yao Lve(要略)expressed the reflection of Pre-Qin Zhuzi, and breakthroughed the narrow and limited problem, then achieved the ultimate goal of integrity.Thirdly, Zhuang Zi:Tianxia Pian(《庄子·天下篇》), Xun Zi:Fei Shierzi Pian(《荀子·非十二子篇》), and Lun Liu Jia Yao Zhi(《论六家要旨》), which focusing on the judgement of gain and loss about Pre-Qin Zhuzi, explain the emergement and development of Pre-Qin Zhuzi in the inner logical aspects of the academic development, but ignore the role of the change of external social. Yao Lve(要略)remedy it and confirm that the Times change is the impetus of exterior reasons for the emergement of Pre-Qin Zhuzi.The third chapter discusses the relationship between Huai Nanzi and Lao Zi, and also makes research on the quotation of Lao Zi in Huai Nanzi in special matter or subject.The first hand, Huai NanZi play an important role in preserving and researching Lao Zi, but the contribution is no attention, so in research history of Lao Zi, it was lost. In Huai Nan Zi, that with a complete system, its quotation and explaination for Lao Zi, not as same as original meaning of Lao Zi, this deepened the connotation and expanded extension of Lao Zi. Because Huai Nan Zi is a book,The second hand, the research and explaination for Lao Zi, throw light on the study of the text of Lao Zi in Han Dynasty. The text of Lao Zi in Huai NanZi displayed a GuBen(古本)appearance, which provide a strong evidence of literature for the study of the current version and unearthed version.Finally, the quotation and explaination about Lao Zi in Huai NanZi has been affected by the popular of the theory of Huang Lao (黄老之学)and the subjective preferences of Liu An and his hangers-on. But in Huai NanZi, the theory of Huang Di(?)(黄帝之学)has been striped from Lao Zi as far as possible. Huai NanZi bring Dao(道)and Yan(言)into its own theory system quite reasonably, and deepen the conception in Lao Zi, such as Dao((道),Wuwei(无为), Shan(善), make them from metaphysics turn to human society gradually. This showed the combination of Taoism and Legalism in Huai NanZi. After Han Dynasty, the study of the text of Lao Zi based on this interpretation. For example, Wang Bi(王弼)has the effect on this viewpoint of Huai NanZi, and he advocate Wu(无)to explained Lao Zi.The fourth chapter is mainly about the important value of the relationship between Huai Nanzi and Zhuang Zi, and also makes research on the quotation of Zhuang Zi in Huai Nanzi in special matter or subject.Firstly, because the early Pre-Han Dynasty is nearer to the Warring States Period, the quotation of Zhuang Zi in Huai Nanzi is close to GuBen(古本)Zhuang Zi, these materials in Huai Nanzi contribute to comparing of GuBen(古本)and the current version of Zhuang Zi.Secondly, according to the existing historical literature, the area of Huai Nan(淮南地区)is the mose early area for the spreading of Zhuang Zi. In the early Pre-Han Dynasty, feudal official thought little of Zhuang Zi, the research results of Zhuang Zi in Huai Nanzi provide reference for studying the situation of academic development at that moment.Finally, the research results of Zhuang Zi in Huai Nanzi are in two aspects:discussions in the basis of the viewpoint of Zhuang Zi; demonstrations with the fables in Zhuang Zi. This allegoric style has effect on the text of Huai Nanzi.The fifth chapter chooses the quotation of the Literature of Military Strategists in Pre-Qin in Huai Nanzi, such as Sun Zi Bing Fa, Sun Bin Bing Fa, Liu Tao(六韬),Wei Liao Zi(尉缭子)and so on.Firstly, Qi Sun Zi and Wu Sun Zi both exist in Huai Nanzi, the aera of Wu(吴地)is contiguous to Chu(楚地),so Wu Sun Zi was spread in the area of Huai Nan(淮南地区); Qi Sun Zi was spread possibly by the hangers-on of Qi(齐地)When the Bamboo Slips of Qi Sun Zi was unearthed, we just knew that Qi Sun Zi was in Huai Nanzi. If we go over the details of Bing Lue(兵略)and then will be found the differencence between Wu Sun Zi. This is a new inspire for the academic study.Scondly, in addition to abundance of the literature of Military Strategists, Liu An devoted much attention to military tactics because of the political and military needs. But the research results of the art of war were not for real war.Thirdly, when the scholars compiled the editions of Liu Tao(六韬)and Wei Liao Zi (尉缭子),they ignored these military materials in Bing Lve(兵略)We should pay attention to them for their important value.Finally, the reseach about these literature of Military Strategists in Pre-Qin focus on stratagem rather than the metaphysical military theories. This reflected the urgency of actual needs of military struggle. Huai Nanzi is the earliest and systematic literature carrier for preserving and researching these literature. So we should think highly of them for its value.The sixth chapter analyzes the thougts of Zou Yan quotated in Huai Nanzi, consist of his conception of history and conception of geography.Firstly, Huai Nan Zi preserved some materials about the theory of the Cyclic Revolution of Five Virtues. The theory lead to this historical understanding that the replacement of dynasty is the result of the revolve of the Five Elements.The seventh chapter takes the thoughts of Five Elements and Negative and Positive in Huai Nan Zi as the research targets, makes detailed exposition and analysis on thoughts of Five Elements and Negative and Positive included in Huai Nan Zi, with corresponding academic appraisal on them. First, the thought of The Yin and Yang of Huainanzi have both the views of Taoist and ZouYan.Secondly, Huainanzi give a relatively fixed the operating rules of the Five Elements for the first time. It preserved the thought of ZouYan and two another scholors. Thirdly, Yin and Yang in Chinese traditional culture is important, and the ideology of Yin and Yang carried by Huainanzi played a connecting link between the integration and finalization of Han Dynasty's idology, which should attract more attention.Fourthly, the thought of the communication of Nature and Man in Huainanzi is concrete manifestation of the Five Elements. The editors of Huainanzi have tried through the use of this concept, to establish a harmonious system of of heaven, earth and man. Yin and Yang, Five Elements are the the theoretical framework of Huainanzi, and embodies the Huainanzi's world view, in which the rational core of Taoism is absorbed and reformed.In the last part, we give an outlook on the work of Huai Nan Zi's research in later time. Future Huainanzi research should focus on the following aspects, such as the research on the information of ShuShu and custom in "astronomy", the research on the ancient texts that cannot be seen now in Huai Nan Zi, the research on the arithmetic information in "DiXing", which represent the main achievements of geometry and arithmetic in the Western Han Dynasty; the research on Shenzi, GongSun Longzi, DengXiZi, Mozi and other Documents which referanced in Huainanzi.