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On Model Burial Objects From Han To Western Jin Dynasties In The Middle And Lower Reaches Of The Yellow River

Posted on:2013-01-26Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:W WuFull Text:PDF
GTID:1115330371974917Subject:Archaeology and Museology
Abstract/Summary:PDF Full Text Request
The article carried on the system to materials of the model burial objects of Han to Western Jin Dynasties in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River to comb, so that to analyse representative model burial objects by typology and find the rule in evolvement of model burial objects according to the functional sort. Based on typology, the article divided the model burial objects excavated in this area into 12 subareas(Guanzhong, Luoyang, Zhengzhou, Nanyang, North of Henan, Middle and South of Hebei, Sanmenxia, South of Shanxi, North of Shandong, Xuzhou-Lunan, North of Shanxi, North of Shannxi) according to distribution of tombs and research findings in histrocial geography and researched the assemblage of model burial objects excavated in small and middle tombs in different subareas by stages, then induced regional cultural features of model burial objects in 12 subareas. The regional features in the use of the model burial objects of Han to Western Jin Dynasties existed all the time, it presented in the time of occurrence of model burial objects, choice for style and assemblage, speed of change of assemblage and degree of popularity etc., factors in historical culture, tradition, economy etc. in different subareas had strong influence on regional culture.The cultural exchange of the use of model burial objects in different subareas always existed, so the style and assemblage of model burial objects of Han to Western Jin Dynasties in different subareas was unified step by step. The more late, the convergence appeared obvious more, the regional elements was fading. During the progress of development, the cultural influence from political center and change of political power were reasons that model burial objects with different development track I different subareas showed interim development in the same step. According to Periodization and assemblage of model burial objects in different subareas, model burial objects was divided into 5 periods, early Western Han, middle and late Western Han to early Eastern Han, early Eastern Han to late Eastern Han, end of the Eastern Han to early Western Jin, middle and late Western Jin, model burial objects in every period showed some cultural common and regular pattern. The article inspected style and change of assemblage of model burial objects in every periods by cultural element analysis evaluation, the author thinks that model burial objects in Pre-Qin Period appeared originally in Qin and was used in every subareas in early Eastern Han, the process showed acception and identification of the central plain area to cultural elements of Qin culture, the main cultural feather had gotten into form step by step influenced on tradition of old Chu Culture and culture in other vassal states. The process of cultural identification based first on regional cultural identification. Because burial culture has continuity and hysteresis, the main cultural feather could change step by step during different historical periods and change of political powers, the change reflected in that model burial objects in Western Han Dynasty to the Western Jin Dynasty had the process with establishment period, development period, prosperity period and falling down period. Based on analysis for imagery of change of model burial objects during the Western Han and Eastern Han, Eastern Han to Western Jin periods, author thinks that the change of model burial objects was change ruler based in reformation of old burial tradition during change of imperial power, it was closely related to influence in polity, ecnomy, society, faith and burial idea etc..The use of model burial objects of Western Han Dynasty was bound by classes, the privileged class, for example emperor, vassal kings etc., and lower middle class had different particular emphasis on choice of style and assemblage, these model burial objects had different development speed. All of tombs of vassal kings in the Eastern Han Dynasty had model burial objects, the assemblage of model burial objects was stationary. The assemblage of model burial objects in small and medium tombs was complete and there was a growing number of style of model burial objects. The burial idea to use model burial objects had got into form in classes of Easern Han Dynasty, it became burial cultural feather in Han rule. The decline of the use of the model burial objects was in Cao Wei and Western Jin Dynasties. Although model burial objects was used in tombs in Cao Wei Dynasty, the style decreased. The styles of model burial objects earlier stage were still used in noble tombs, but the assemblage began to change, the size decreased, the percentage of model burial objects in total burial objects dropped. The cultural feature of assemblage of burial objects of rule of Jin Dynasty had gotten into form.The article researched agriculture and residential building in Han Dynasty reflected by model burial objects. In agriculture, the article researched barn building, technology of grain storage and confinement of farm animal and poultry feeding. The variety of storage model burial objects in Han Dynasty was related to variety of storage building and grain and social class, and policy of pay attention to granger. There were only model burial objects, barn, milling and some poultry and farm animal figures in the middle Western Han according to model burial objects related to agriculture excavated in small and medium tombs. It reflected influence of the landlords economic system to burial idea in the Western Han Dynasty that model building, house and yard etc., a variety of model sties for farm animal, model farm animal, figures worked for agriculture and housework were rising swiftly. About residential building, model burial objects had barn, stove, well, sty and toilet only in the middle Western Han Dynasty, the style of building was simple. There were model complex buildings rising in small and medium tombs in late Western Han Dynasty and Eastern Han Dynasty, except building facilities met people's basic requirements. The building elements of yard, tower, belveder for showing dignity and wealth was rising. These building was similar to noble's dwelling written in historic documents, the phenomenon was related to burial idea that people's needs for house and live in comfort after dead.
Keywords/Search Tags:Model burial Objects, Tombs of Han to Western Jin Dynasties, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, Convergence, Culture of Society
PDF Full Text Request
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