The Research Of The Moral Revolution During The May4th Movement

The moral revolution is closely related to the social status, but from the development of history in the process, it is the Ming and Qing dynasties long-term thought movement crystallization, is the result of rational thinker.After the mid-Ming period bourgeois appear and class contradictions aggravate which along with the capitalist germination. Confucian ideas that the real life and the human nature which suppressing human nature, contain people's material desires conflict increasingly. Against neo-confucianism so rise.After criticism of the progressive thinkers of the late Ming and early Qing dynasty to1911revolution, the status of neo-confucianism slipped sharply,"three cardinal guides" said happened unprecedented moved. By is, the feudal traditional moral lost his authority and decline increasingly. From1898to1911people put forward the new moral, old moral, true moral, false moral concept in the "three cardinal guides" critique. Liang Qichao first puts forward the slogan of "moral revolution", and advocates "the invention of a new moral" which replaces the "three cardinal guides". For this reason, he puts forward many new moral concept and ethics which contain morality and personal morals, rights and obligations, and freedom and obey, advance and love him, independent and gregarious and so on. He adds many new moral elements and weakening the influence of traditional morality for moral history of China.Since the Qing dynasty thought movement provide rich ideological material for the May4th movement and the traditional moral weakening provides a broad range of free space. People's moral activity areas extreme expansion and attacks the old moral, the passion gathered into a powerful force which is subdued long-term. The moral revolution is thinkers' of the May4th choice that is deeply thinking about the political reality of the early republic of China. They think the feudal ethics and morals is the order of the autocratic ideological basis, the old ethical, old the morals with the autocratic political are unified. Only destroying the old ethics fundamentally shake the autocratic political, otherwise, the autocratic political longitudinal at that time is overthrown, passable regeneration.September1915Chen Duxiu creates of "the youth journal" which was renamed "the new youth" from the second roll, and publishes "caveat the youth ".It is moral revolution declaration and a crusade against the old moral. The tenet is called for old people ruled out moral, set up the new moral, into the world trend, walked into the modern life, and social transformation.After the revolution of1911in order to adapt to the need of Yuan Shikai autocratic rule countercurrent that contains respect Confucius and restoration makes a great clamor. So critical confucianist as Chen Duxiu's said becomes famous moral revolution. The thinkers of the May4th deeply point out that honor low orderly, gentle and simple level and monarchy first which are the main contents of the feudal moral codes clearly reflects the ritual and music from the army right of Confucius, and the strict hierarchy, and make the idea of insurrection against. Confucius' thought is the source of the feudal ethics and is to maintain the order of the patriarchal clan social thought weapon and is the feudal emperor's talisman, is autocratic political soul. Confucius grows in the feudal society so advocate of morality is the age of the feudal moral codes. Because of ancient and modern social different, so it can not adapt to the modern life. If use the word of Confucius dominates today's social countries, unified the modern people, the standard social order, will only hinder the civilization and progress of society.The family system is the basic principle of patriarchal clan system and organization, and is carrying the feudal moral codes of substantive areas. The way of Confucius and Confucianism, patriarchal clan social ethics and morals concentrated expression in family life and from family to expand whole society. Family ethics is the social ethics, political ethics foundation, to run a household and then can the world. Thus, thinkers of the May4th movement criticize the family system and family ethics when they critique the theory of respecting Confucius and reveal the relation of Confucianism and history and modern life. Filial piety is family ethics of the company. The Confucian pursue filial piety which has the meaning of fear and maintenance. But its essence is not violate and follow, respect for hierarchy, respect men belittle women, respect the elderly belittle the younger generation so this play into monarchy, patriarchal, the husbandly hard-core. Not only suppress the freedom of the individual independence, but also formed the slaves of the socialist society. Thinkers'aim of the May4th is to call for individual liberty and independent personality when they criticize family system and filial piety. At the same time thinkers of the May4th criticize feudal destruction of female and put forward the liberation of women.Superstition ghost shows ignorance, idolatry evolved into constant customs such as respect the ancients and the saints, all of this are the important root slave socialist morality. The flood of superstition greatly bound people's thoughts, hindering the new thought, the new moral spread. Thus, thinkers of the May4th have to remove the light of consciousness with quite energy, expose absurdity and deceptive such as spirituality, sorcery, divination and so on, expose all kinds of the nature of the worship of idols, against attached to people, attached to god, attached to the slaves of the moral life, advocate the rational and scientific, reasonable belief and real independent personality.Literary revolution is not pure literature movement, but thought revolution, part of the moral revolution in the early of the May4th movement. Old literature is the carrier of the old moral values, they depend on each other thus against the old moral must criticize the old literature. In feudal society, the classical and vernacular in fact reflect the social distinction and level boundaries of high society and under social, noble and civilian, the ruler and the ruled. Vernacular movement shows equality requirements of language use, provides the spread of powerful tool for the new thought and the new moral. In the literary revolution Lu Xun's creation exposes "eat people" essence of the old ethical code and the old moral. Zhou Zuoren advocates the literature of the "person", the literary creation to pay close attention to life, inspire the public form of morality all of those strongly criticize the old morality."Harmony theory" is the major obstacle to the development of moral revolution. In Chinese and western culture harmony theory flaunts compromise. On the one hand, it claims studying science and technology from west, on the other hand, stands the inherent carry forward Chinese moral. Essentially material innovation and moral restore ancient ways are morality of restoring ancient ways. Thinkers of the May4th movement criticize harmony theory. Among them Li Dazhao's views are representative. He thinks morality is not supernatural, is closely related to the material life and society. Social material life improvement, only open a new, not instauration and moral can get used to the progress of the material life and progress, not from the material life of progress and instauration.1920s the spiritual civilization and the theory of agricultural civilization theory is variant of harmony theory. The former against material civilization and science, advocates achieve the kind of moral life of the ancients by the "inner cultivation", the latter against development industrial and claim agricultural society and its view regression moral civilization. Thinkers of the May4th movement explicitly pointed out that spiritual civilization can't leave the material civilization and so-called agricultural civilization is step backward which make China back to ancient society.Thinkers of the May4th movement always work for the construction of a new moral. The so-called new moral mostly carry out in the criticism of the old moral. They inherit the excellent traditions of moral patriotism with patriotism as the core content, and absorb western excellent modern civilization achievements. They put forward the old morality that discards one person, one class, one national of private system when efforts to transform the bourgeois morality and develop the new moral of public, help, sympathy and altruism. One of the main is that they put forward "help the poor and against strong" socialist ethics, advocate concern for vulnerable groups, help worker against capitalist, help women against man the ultimate goal is to realize the common social equality and most people happiness. Those initially construct the new moral system, and establish the modern moral base so the moral revolution is pushed to a new stage.From the Qing government the moral revolution of the May4th movement especially continue and development of1898ideological movement, and is the history of the call to the early republic of China. It subverts the feudal ethics with "three cardinal guides" as the core content and emancipates people's minds greatly. At the same time it provides a wealth of new moral resources and disseminates the modern civilization widely. Especially socialist ethics and practice it has extensive mobilization of forces that gave birth to a vigorous revolutionary movement of workers and peasants. This is a representative of China's social change and development direction of the great political revolution and moral practice and effectively promotes the May Fourth period of the social transformation.Moral revolution of the May Fourth movement is cultural movements which is launched by the intellectuals for the purpose to salvation and fully demonstrates a sense of mission and responsibility of intellectuals. It not only changes the face of the traditional culture, Chinese culture enters a new period of development, but also directly promotes the development of the national salvation movement, gave birth to the nation's freshmen.