Tan Yankai's Three Times Dominationin Hunan And The Political Situation Of The Late Qing And Early Republican China

Tan Yankai dominated Hunan during the Late Qing and Early Republican China, which had a major impact on Hunan province and the National Council.Tan Yankai's first Governor in Hunan is the result of Intensification and mutual struggle between the Constitutional Group, Officers Group and the Revolutionary Group. In this fight, the Constitutionalists and the Officer Group obtained a temporary victory, while the Revolutionary Group lost to Hunan for maximum control. The political situation in Hunan was relatively orderless, while Jiao Dafeng and Chen Zuoxin dominated Hunan. Tan Yankai, the successor, assumed a series of measures, which stabilized Hunan's political situation and upholded the fruit of revolution So,the Hunan regime was to becom a Strong backing of Hubei revolutionary government. He support Wuhan front in the military forces and material, which made a significant contribution to delay Yang Xia war's failure. At the same time, he also strongly inspired and helped other provinces to save anyway. In a word, the Tan Yankai regime made a major contribution for the establishment of the Republic of ChinaAfter Republic of China was established, Tan Yankai took over the military governor of Hunan. In office, he introduced" enlightened despotism", and established a separation of the three powers of the capitalist political system, and vigorously develop capitalist business and cultural education, which effectively promoted the modernization process in Hunan.When Song case occurred, Tan Yankai insisted that do a thorough survey of the truth before the truth is unknown. After the truth gradually surfaced, he first advocated through legal means to resolve; and then made Hunan independent response to Second Revolution, which was launched by The Kuomintang. When the anti-Yuan defeat had been present, Tan Yankai announced canceled of Hunan's independenc. Hunan declared its independence slowly and quickly lifted independently in Second Revolution, which was conducted by Tan Yankai. But Tan Yankai had its difficulties. Second Revolution was lack of social foundation and Hunan' forces was weak which determined that Tan Yankai's cautious approach for the independence of Hunan. After Second Revolution failed, Tan Yankai was driven out of Hunan by Yuan Shikai, and end his first governor in hunan.When Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself Emperor, the Huguo army rised. The Huguo war processed with Struggle to expelling Tang Xiangming. Tan Yankai dominated Hunan once again by expelling Tang Xiangming, which was the result of compromise beteween the northern regime and the southern revolutionary forces. Tan Yankai's domination made a balance between the South and North after Yuan Shikai's death.During Tan Yankai's second rule in Hunan, the Zhang Xun Restoration broke out. Tan Yankai arrangement the Hunan Taoni matters actively and organizatized the Tao Ni Army. Before the Tao Ni Army hadn't counter forces Zhang Xun's army, Zhang Xun suffered. Which reflected the pursuit of a democratic republic and longing is worthy of recognition.Tan Yankai's second rule in Hunan was only a matter of expediency. Therefore, when Duan Qirui had prepared fou the war, he ordered to recall Tan Yankai's Dudu position in Hunan. Tan Yankai resigned as governor, when joint the southern forces that resist invalid cases, which sketched Duan's regime protests and not to use. Before he left office, Tan Yankai mobilize Liu Jianfan and Lin Xiumei to the south area, thereby concentrating and preservation of Hunan's reverse power. Later, Liu and Lin started the war first in the southern Hunan.In the beginning of the war, Tan Yankai lived in Shanghai, observing the situation. When the Dharma army faces be a life-and-death matter during, Tan Yankai returned to southern Hunan, contributed to the Union and Dharma army in southern Hunan truce, and fall from the crisis of comprehensive protector of Xiang army rescue. Then, Tan Yankai committed to promoting north-south representative. Although Tan Yankai was intermediary, but he was representative of the South camp. Although the Confederate government had squeezed out Sun Zhongshan, and which wants to reach the contraction was also aprt the Dharma's original intention, but the southern faction fight was Dharma banner, and objectively also played against the Duan Qirui dictatorship, and ultimately led to the collapse of the Duan Qirui regime in Beijing.After the Dharma War broke out, Zhang Jingyao still ruled Hunan province who represent the interests of the Duan regime.Tan Yankai expeled Zhang Jingyao from Hunan fully relied on the power of Hunan Chang, and to achieved three main Hunan. In the movement of the "flooding Zhang", Tan Yankai tooke a strategy that joint and flood Zhang, which had played a double-edged sword. Not only Zhang Jingyao was expelled from Hunan, but also Wu Pei-fu exit from Hunan. Later, there had no any northern army in Hunan, which was the first time since the founding of the Republic. Undeniable, Tan Yankai drive Zhang by whichwas to regain the the Hunan regime. But, flooding Zhang was in line with the interests of the people of Hunan, and end the brutal rule of Zhang Jingyao in Hunan. During his three rule in Hunan, Tan Yankai cayyied out the local self-government. From flooding Zhang to the implementation of local self-government, Tan Yankai's course was "off the South against North", and in order to achieve its rule in Hunan, but which objectively created a favorable condition for Yuejun led by the revolutionaries launching a crusade of Guangxi warlords.Throughout Tan Yankai's three times Governor in Hunan, there has four distinct features:First, in the contest between the autocracy and democracy, Tan's Hunan regime always adhere to the democracy and republic; Second, in the North-South confrontation, Tan's Hunan regime, or in favor of the south camp against the northern camps, which had played an important role in the south camp. Third, in the Taketo political era of rampant, Tan's Hunan regime implementated sandwiches; Fourth, Tan's Hunan regime always insist on developing the economy and improving people's livelihood.