"tube" Seen In The New Theory Of Political Thought

Guan Zi is the encyclopedia of governing the country, which might be written by Gu Zhong who was the prime minister of Qi. After compiled by Liu Xiang who was living in the western Han Dynasty, the book has eighty-six parts. But there are only seventy-six parts now. In academia, there are three difficulties on researching this book. First, a lot of ancient words, and many words were added or losed in the text. Second, we don't known who is the author and in which time he wrote this book. Third, although the book was rich in the ideological contents, there are some conflicts exist.The rich content was involved from politics, philosophy, economy, etiquette and law, military, science and technology, and education. Today there are two kinds of research thinking, one is the classification, and the other is entire study. This thesis based on synthesizing the classification achievements which gained by some predecessors, and also took the angle of integrity in reading Guan Zi, so the centre of the thesis was the highest good of political thoughts in governing the country.In the first two parts, we summarized the story of Guan Zhong's life and the text formation of Guan Zi. The thesis introduced them from the local culture-Qi culture. About the author and the written time, we follow the verdict that the book was not written by one person and was not formatted in one moment. On the ownership of thought, we discriminating the past versions which includes the Taoist thought, the Legalist thought and the Eclectic thought, then combining with the present wording'the school of Guan Zhong'in Guan Zi researching, we thought Guan Zi is the great book of governing the country.The highest good in political was the ideology purport of Guan Zi."Pursuit of the good" was one of the core pursuits in the Chinese traditional political thought. Guan Zi is the typical representative in this respect. It has put forward some specific criteria on "the highest good",country, and discussed the thinking of "the highest good in politics" from the practice of governing the country. The natural law and the human feelings are the two basic premises of governing thinking in Guan Zi. It thinks that the natural law and the nature of mind are good, but the human emotions are self-interest, so the humanity must follow the natural law and conform to the human emotions from the organic integrity. The 'National oriented' was the guiding principle of governing in Guan Zi. It was appeared from two aspects. Between the emperor of Zhou and the feudal princes, the latter was fundamental, so a thought of contend for hegemony in the world has formulated. In the political patterns of the feudal kingdom, which people was fundamental, the sagely princes on top should do-nothing, and the minister must administer according to the law. So the king, the minister and the people in their own positions must do their own business.On the thinking of governing, Guan Zi has figured that the morality and the etiquette and law must exert synthetically. Although the morality cultured the mind from inside and the etiquette and law was restricted from outside, both of them aimed at the stability of the order of society. With the relationship on the morality and the etiquette and law, morality is the start and the end of the etiquette and law, and the etiquette and law was the first choice of governing. Between the rites and law, both of them was rooted in the Tao, and the law was a further developing by the rites, so the law was important but the rites wasn't losing.On the specific method of governing, Guan Zi has recognized the importance of wealth. So the economic development was the chief work on governing. It makes use of the self-interest in human emotions in order to urging the development of country's economy. Economic prosperity could offer the material foundation to'the highest good' politics, and also the probability which made people and country rich together. Guan Zi also puts forward many other practical measures on governing, like military, science and technology and so on.