Cognitive Research, Special Negative Phenomena In Modern Chinese

The paper uses the method of combining cognitive linguistics withpragmatics theory together to do some research on four specialnegations in Modern Chinese Language. They are meta-languagenegation, presupposition negation, redundant negation and indirectnegation. We analyze four special negation's general features, naturesconstraint condition, pragmatic functions, causes and mechanism ofthe generation in details. The paper puts emphasis up on theexplanations of each special negation's cause and mechanism of thegeneration.The main body of the paper, except introduction and conclusion,is divided into four parts including twelve chapters. Each part containsthree chapters. The first chapter in each part introduces the generalfeatures of each special negation. The second and third chaptersmainly focus on case analysis and special studies, which can prove andenrich the reasonableness of the views in chapter1.The first part makes a study of meta-language negation. In thefirst chapter we define the meta-language negation. At the same time,we separate the phonological and grammatical errors as well aspresupposition negation from meta-language negation, because ofthe disunities among them. Next we classify them according tometa-language negation's causes. Then we discuss the constraintconditions and pragmatic functions while using meta-languagenegation.The latter two chapters further prove the first chapter's view byciting the structure "不是而是" and "不" alone for expressingmeta-language negation.The second part do some research on presupposition negation.The first chapter firstly explains whether presupposition can be negated or not. Then according to the different causes of presuppositionnegation, it can be dived into felicity conditions and expectation of thepresupposition negation. And it also it studies the difference betweentwo kinds of presupposition negation. The formation of presuppositionnegation have close relationship with human's cognitive mechanism,cognitive context and the subjectivity of language performance. Thesecond chapter specializes on the cause and mechanism of thegeneration of felicity conditions of the presupposition negation. Thethird chapter studies expectation of the presupposition negation, takingthe adverb "瞎" as an example. It makes some analysis on thepresupposition negation's functions and causes of negative adverbfrom synchronic and diachronic aspects.The third part focuses on redundant negation. The first chapteranalyses the features of redundant negation generally. Then it do someresearch on its constraint conditions of formation and application, aswell as the cause and mechanism of the generation. The secondchapter discusses the complementarity and identity of "不" and "没有" in the redundant negation format. The third chapter analyses thestructural and semantic features of "小心(别)VP", as well as itsconditions and mechanism of the generation.The fourth part makes research on indirect negation. The firstchapter introduces its sources, types, difference, expressions, cause ofgeneration, comprehensive mechanism and pragmatic function. Thesecond chapter takes the discourse marker "要不" as an example,analyzing its features and causes while indicating conventional indirectnegation. The third chapter makes research on non-conventionalindirect negation, pointing that its sources have close connection withcooperation principle. It forms under the monitoring and mediation ofhuman's meta-cognition. Its comprehensive mechanism is a process ofsemantic integration. The creative points of this paper are as follows. Firstly, the paperuses the method of combining cognitive linguistics and pragmatics andfounds a more macroscopic theoretical frame, which provides a newperspective of four special negations. It makes a reasonableexplanation of four negation's causes and mechanisms of thegeneration from the aspects of language use an human's cognition.Secondly, based upon static research, we pay more attention on theanalysis and explanation of four negations' cause of generation andcomprehensive mechanisms, letting us not only know the hows but alsoknow the whys. Thirdly, on the basis of the research on four negations'general features, it proves thoroughly by case studies and specialanalysis in order to make perfect explanations and complete proofs onfour special negations. Lastly, our research has a promoting and urgingeffect on the foundation of the whole negative system.