Break With Established Cultural Rapids - May Fourth Movement Of Confucius And His Doctrine Of Historical Destiny

The May 4~?era was very important in modern Chinese history, especially in the great change of Chinese ideology. The trend of rethinking-Confucianism in the May 4~ followed the historical orbit of the transformation of modem China抯 ideology and culture, inspired the new democracy culture. Based on the trend of rethinking Confucianism, there rose a surge of culture and a historic testing trend about Chinese traditional culture, which is delegated by Confucius and his doctrine, Confucius and his theory underwent a severe test in the May 4th era. The trend of rethinking Confucianism which was ignored by scholars is a cultural movement of modem national salvation-enlightenment, which had plentiful and profound ideology-cultural connotation. It began at the time of Yuan Shikai restoration, marked by the publishing of The Youih, ended at the time when the May 4di new culture movement was over, marked by the argument of science and metaphysics. So, the trend of rethinking Confucianism and the May 4th new culture movement were happened during the same time and their content were interrelated. This new cultural movement wanted to break Chinese feudalism cultural ideals and system of value, which was delegated by Confucius抯 theory; to rethinking Confucius and his theory, then save it from the feudalism ideology, to establish the spirit of science and democracy, to reform our national culture抯 psychology structure thoroughly, to open up a glorious way for the development of new democracy culture by using Marxism as theory and using Russia抯 way as the method of the reform of culture. The object and the aim of rethinking of Confucianism are as same as the May 4~?new culture movement, but the trend of rethinking of Confucianism had it抯 bright cultural character, it made the new culture movement plentiful by re-valuate Chinese traditional culture抯 modem value in a culture subject that had perfectly concrete but was concerning the overall situation. The trend of rethinking Confucianism developed in three different fields by three interrelated threads, focusing rethinking and criticizing-Confucianism, differing the old and knew. Firstly, it caught the social theme of old and new change of beginning of the Republic of China, struggled in social-politics field (in politics- ideology field mostly), by opposing the back-to-the-ancient ideology and the restoration of monarch, and flying to prevent the reversed trend of the social-politics. Secondly, it concentrated on the self-reform of Chinese culture, searching for it抯 evolving form and way, took old-new struggle by penetrating into the bottom of national culture抯 psychology structure. Thirdly, searching for the ways of reforming Chinese culture and establishing Chinese modem culture抯 reform and orientation that was conformed to the direction of advanced culture, by comparing Chinese culture with the west抯 in the developing background of world culture. It seemed that their development were paralleled, but in fact, they went forward step by step from the viewpoint of logic. In May 4di movement era, peoples?active thinking set up surging culture rapids around the three ways, just like note around melody. From complicated phenomena of culture rapids, we can see the relation between the trend of rethinking Confucianism and the new-culture movement So, we set up a new research method to study the new-culture-movement from the angel of rethinking Confucianism. It formed a huge old-new opposed cultural tie in the May 4th era, which opened up a perfectly large question field. For examples, cultural conservation and cultural development, cultural conservation and cultural import, de...