U.s. Foreign Policy In Indonesia (1953-1961)

From Eisenhower Administration, the National Security Council began to make normal Indonesia Policy. The dissertation based on Foreign Relations of the United States. The method of research is compare the archives of relative countries. The methodology focuses on the concept of national interest, does not focus on ideology. The factors of consideration conclude political, social and economic factors. In order to discover the real purpose of U.S. Indonesia Policy, the dissertation focuses on NSC171/1, NSC5518, NSC5901, NSC6023, and explores the development and evolution of Eisenhower Administration's Indonesia Policy.The dissertation is composed of the introduction, four chapters and conclusion.The introduction introduces the present situation of the academic research about Eisenhower Administration's Indonesia Policy, the academic value and practical significance.The first chapter discusses the origin of U.S. Indonesia Policy. In the evening of the struggle of Indonesia's independence, the United States feared Indonesian Communist Party (PKI) would increase her strength through fighting against Netherlands. The United State put pressure on Netherlands in the beginning of 1949. Netherlands and Indonesia signed Round Table Arrangement, the Republic of Indonesia was founded. In order to preserve the integrity of the islands chain of Asia, Truman Administration provided Indonesian Government with the economic, technologic and military assistance. Following Korean War broke, Truman Administration wished Indonesia join the Free World. In view of Indonesia's independent and active foreign policy, Indonesian Government refused.The body of the dissertation is the second, third and fourth chapter. The second chapter discusses the first Eisenhower Administration interfered Indonesia's internal politics. Eisenhower Administration was troubled by Ali Administration's acceptance of the support of IndonesianCommunist Party (PKI) .In order to prevent Indonesia join the Communist Camp, the National Security Council formulated and implemented NSC171/1 and NSC5518. Eisenhower Administration tried to influence Indonesia's internal politics, sought to eliminate PKI's influence in the Indonesian Government.The third chapter sets forth Eisenhower Administration's policy toward Outside Islands Rebellion. In the end of 1956, Outside Islands Rebellion broke. PKI gained substantial victory in the election. In order to resist the increasing development of PKI, the National Security Council approved "the special report on Indonesia" on September 23,1957. Eisenhower Administration decided to compel Indonesian Government to fight against PKI through Outside Islands Rebellion. In view of rebel's failing, and Indonesian Army showed anti-communist sign to the United States, Eisenhower Administration began to encourage the compromise between the Central Government and rebel.The fourth chapter explores the adjustment of Eisenhower Administration's Indonesia Policy and the decision of support Indonesian Army. Following the Outside Islands Rebellion, Indonesian Army, Sukarno, PKI became triangle of power. Eisenhower Administration thought Indonesian Army was the barrier of Communism. The National Security Council approved NSC5901 and NSC6023, Eisenhower Administration formally decided to support Indonesian Army.The conclusion outlines the skeleton, character and influence of Eisenhower Administration's Indonesia Policy.