| Return Poetry is an important phenomenon of the new period literature. This paper reviews it in the modernization course of Chinese literature since May-fourth Movement, shows that it returns and continues modern tradition of the new literature in three aspects of realism spirit, retrospection spirit and humanism spirit, evaluates the status, value and significance of Return Poetry in Chinese poetry development history of twentieth century.Return Poets defined in this paper mean that the poets were forced to stop creating or couldn't publicly publish their works from 1950s and returned to Parnassus until the new period. According to the genres they originally belonged to, they are mainly classified into three groups: "July Group", "Jiuye Group" and "1957 Group", who disappeared in Parnassus because of different historic events in 1950s. But from prospect of the relation between literature and politics, it is the common course of their disappearing to require the literature serves politics. Such requirements conflict with their artistic sense and artistic individuality they had formed and were forming, which specifically showed querying, challenging or rejection to the realism theory of socialism and a series of artistic thought. Their return in the new period not only indicates a turn of their individual destiny but also foreshows the return of spirit tradition and artistic tradition of new literature. Return Poetry primarily includesthe following four aspects: Firstly, expressing their believes--sticking to their ideals, secondly,self-description or autobiography-- thinking about the life, thirdly, enlightening sense --exploration on rationalism and critical spirit, fourthly, life sense-- comprehending in disasters.During the period of May-fourth Movement, writers and theorists taking Luxun as the representative had touched the peculiarity of the realism spirit on reality and criticalness. But such a spirit has ceaselessly been misinterpreted and compressed, as a result, to cause "false, Big and Empty Talk" literature during the period of the Culture Revolution. Early creation of the return poets had distinguishingly inclined to realism spirit. After returning, they recalled a painful experience to try their best to call and make widely known of artistic reality and criticalness. They have two kinds of understandings: some combine the artistic trueness with the affinity to the people and some criticize the trueness of the poetry from mainstay's characters. Though focuses of two trueness senses are different, they take the poets' pure-hearted attitude as the premise and promote the recovery and development of realism spirit in the new period.In the development history of the new poetry, poets of July Group and Chinese New-poetry Group are ones having more powerful retrospection sense. The formers require the poets keep calmand level-headed rational faculty and retrospect real politics, national culture and national characters when they pursue the distinguishing political inclination and stress on making full use of subjective struggle spirit of the poets. The later, on one hand, pays special attention to thinking of life values and life significance, on the other hand, stress on entering the reality to combine the life with thinking of reality. In 1956, poets of "1957 Group" ever had ephemeral waking of rational spirit. After returning, they re-enter retrospection from their experience to the national disaster and seeking of selfhood and history. Therefore, with politics retrospection, history retrospection and life retrospection as the core, Return Poetry inherits the retrospection tradition of the new poetry.Humanism is a basic spirit of Chinese modern literature, by which poets of July Group and Chinese New-poetry Group had been polished. Humanism of poets of July Group mainly show caring for real life and "wound of spirit enslaving of the nationals" while poets of Chinese New-poetry Group take the real life as the starting point and the people as the center of thinking to roundl...
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