A Research And Investigation Into The Population Immigration Of North Piedmont Mountain Tianshan Of The Qing Dynasty

Before Dynasty Qing, north piedmont Mountain Tianshan is a traditional nomady production area, which belongs to the prairie community culture of Province Xinjiang. From the 20th year to the 30th year of the imperial calender of Emperor Qian Long of Dynasty Qing, along with the victory of Battle Zhun Ge'r of Government Qing, 'immigration station troops and cultivation' to be the main policy of Xinjiang development. Government Qing attracts inlanders to north piedmont Mountain Tianshan by a lot of preferential policies. And to promote the large-scale agriculture production, from east Balikun, across Urumqi, to the west Yili, all expands the agriculture production regional development. In the later Dynasty Qing, north piedmont Mountain Tianshan is a agriculture production area.North piedmont Mountain Tianshan is divided into the east and the west areas, it is on this basis that we investigate Dynasty Qing immigration's population type, size, immigration method and regional development status of the population immigration, explore the interacted function between population immigration and regional development. Point the Mountain Tianshan's population immigration is executed by Government Qing's guide. The immigrated population are engaged in government enacted trades, mainly are agriculture production related. The immigration of west Yi Li that come from northeast China even act as frontier protector. In east area, the immigration types are commoner stations, exiled criminal stations, military dependant stations and commercial stations, all engage in cultivation. The immigration resources are mainly poor farmers from nearby Province Shan Xi and Gan Su. And the immigration resources of west area are more complex. The Xi Bo nationality and Cha Ha'r Mongol nationality are cultivating when protecting the frontier. The Uigur nationality from South Xinjiang is mainly on cultivation. The Kazak nationality and Tu'r Hu Te Mongol nationality are mainly on nomady production.Here example Jimusar County, to explore the relationship of population immigration, agriculture development and the area environment. Conclusion that it's a benign circulation of county Jimusar in Dynasty Qing. The size of immigration and the agricultural cultivation are not beyond the tolerance of the environment. Also the water distribution and forest coverage these environment elements are not changed greatly.Fnally, we discuss the cultural landscape which is resulted from population immigration, e.g. toponymy landscape, linguistic landscape, religion landscape and townish landscape. These culture elements are the representation of north piedmont Mountain Tianshan immigration's production and living, the combination of immigration culture and local culture.