| Though the novel in the late Qing dynadty have embodied the transitional feature fron old novels to new ones on whole, they don't have the balanced development in every period. Sometimes they advance gradually, but also have sudden change.And in 1903 passion of the people at the time rise intensly and the mount of the novels adds sharply , lash the aspects of the old tradition of Chinese novel and meet the first climax of novel creation and translation in the late Qing dynasty.(1) novel creation before 1903( 1840 - 1902 )After 1895, because of the development of foreign affir movement and the thoughts of the west countries novels have arisen some notable changes in the aspect of creating idea, novel carrier and spread way etc, especially the unceasing appearance of the translating novels is the phenomenon that have never appeared before. Moreover, a lot of excellent works have also arisen in this stage that have gotten high appraisement of Lu Xun and Hu Shi etc, even if putting them in the entire novel history , they are also inferior. And along with the change of times, some novels of traditional subject also get impact. Realistic factors strengthen continuously , new thoughts also permeat into the novels slowly and add new factors into the traditional novels continuously.( 2 ) the prosperity of new novel--the general situation of novelcreation in 1903In 1903 the novelcreation has achieved historical highest record in quantity. 152 novels appear , overstep the sum of tens of annual novels and are new novels basically. For example the political novels that have advocated in a few years begin to step into the Chinese novel stage , social novels and scientific novels also appear in succession, a large quantities of historical novels have changed a lot. These novel types are major composition parts of this annual novel and the establishment of them have great affects on the late novels. ( 3 ) the change of the novels in 1903The novels in 1903 have occured great change on the foundation of inheriting the old novels. Firstly novels occur obvious change in the aspects such as language , structural and statement way and reflected the changes of times. Secondly ideological content have also changed in two aspects: 1, themes of the novel in 1903 are more rich and colorful , such as local autonomy thoughts andnational transform problem are the contents that there were not in the traditional subject. 2, a lot brand-new images have arisen such as juvenile heroes, new businessmen and rotten officials, all of them have the new characteristic of the times.Thirdly novel sesthetic ideas change obviously. l,the attitude to the traditional novels changes. The crisis of nation makes the people fall into the contradiction between longing for learning the West and defend of Chinese cultural tradition, They can not have a clear and sober knowledge for Western novel and Chinese novel. 2, the first " new novel "-" new Chinese future " has spread out the imagination for future, entrust the political ideal of author and opened up a new situation of the novel. 3, the novels don't pursue the effect of the biography lifetime and the purpose of spreading the generations of ten thousands. And they make moving and changing person as highest goal. 4,the novels in 1903 take propagating revolutionary thought as the purpose of creation, to open the wisdom of the people and brace up national spirit is their goal, thus cause to pay attention to discuss. So the people regard novel as political essay and teaching material and the novels that are not like novel are the highest model to pursue. 4, the revolution of novel carrier. In 1903 there are many press that carries novels , there are only 6 kinds in 1901 , 8 kinds in 1902, but this year 29 kinds of the press appear and posse 87 novels of the press altogether. These presses are founded mostly by revolutionary personage or the political scholar with more radical trend, this is the reason that the novels have more strong political colour. (4) the accept and affect of the novels...
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