Adolescent Self-esteem Structure, Development, Characteristics And Influencing Factors

Self-esteem was a critical question in the field of self-cognition of contemporary psychology. The study of self-esteem was the theory premise that helped to grasp the relationship of scientific advance and human development. It was also a valid approach that helped to release the inner contradictions of feeling and the stresses in life. Furthermore, it underlay the transformation of education view of school and successful realization of the education goal of "humanism". Methods used in this research included Implicit Association Test and Questionnaire Survey etc. Multivariate statistical analysis, such as correlation analysis, regression analysis and covariance structure equation were synthetically employed. Focusing on the development of self-esteem in adolescent, we examined the impact on the development of self-esteem in adolescent initiated from individual characteristic, family environment, interpersonal environment and psychological condition. The study of the dissertation included six sections as follow:The first part was literature summary. The researcher showed the importance of the self-esteem from three aspects in this article: the request of times, the problem of education practice and the development of psychological study of theory. Subsequently this paper had a systemic and overall analysis to respectively boundary of self-esteem conception, some correlative theory of self-esteem investigation, difference of self-esteem structure and some correlative results of self-esteem development. Based on these points, the researcher pointed out that the connotation of self-esteem was an individual positive cognitive evaluation on self-value, and a course of inner cognitive process that is related to self-information in the way of continually pursuing self-value.The second part was question proposed. Through analyzing the problems existed in the process of past studies, researchers explained the connotation of the theory model of the self-esteem structure "to stand upside down pyramid" with a completely new angle of view, and roundly expounded the basicpsychological elements of the self-esteem structure as well as the relationship among these elements. Additionally, they also explored the traits of self-esteem system and psychological functions. Based on the studies above as the theory fundamental, the present study proposed the overall design of research, the specific problems resolved and the operational hypotheses. Meanwhile, the method of measurement, the statistical technology and the thoughts of study used in the process of the research were all put forward in the paper. Simultaneously, the theory value and practical significance of the results were shown clearly.The third part was the measure and confirmation of self-esteem structure. With the participants coming from high school students and college students, the researcher suggested that the questionnaires has the better stability and rationality after analysis of validity and invalidity of the test and predicting the results, by adapting the revised the scale of implicit self-esteem, explicit self-esteem and the self-compiled meta self-esteem questionnaires. Then researcher used the confirmative factor analysis to test the theoretical dimension's rationality of self-esteem structure model with the data of formal measure. The result showed that the fitting of the data and theory model is satisfied, which provided a solid evidence to rationality and validity of theoretical dimension of self-esteem structure model in adolescents.The fourth part was the characteristics of self-esteem development. Research systematically investigated and analyzed the general trend of the self-esteem development of middle school, high school and college students, adopting a large scale of sample adolescent as subjects. The results of the investigation showed: there was a tendency that the developmental level of the explicit self-esteem and meta self-esteem raised gradually with the grade growing, but descended in the period of high school. The development of im...