Free Communication's Spirit Of Extending Faraway And Returning To Its Origin& The Source Of Value Of The Artistic World--An Extending Research Of Xu Fuguan's Artistic Thinking

The source of value means the values in the sense of non-objectification. The real source of value means human being's total immersion in it. In the west, from Socrates to Kant and Nietzsche, there remained some drawbacks in dealing with the problem of the source of value. Because of his rich and distinctive life experiences and the inheritance from Confucius, Mencius and the "Xin Xue"(心学) of the Confucian school of idealist philosophy of the Song and Ming Dynasties in traditional Chinese culture, Xu Fuguan comprehends "XinXing"(心性) as the source of value. "XinXing"is the self-regulating and transcendental state of mind that can't be self-restricted, which derives from one's own realistic life by way of "turning round inward" through incessant practical Gongfu(工夫)(a kind of realistic experience with the subjectiveness totally drowned ) . In Xu Fuguan's understanding, there are two kinds of Xinxing------the one in the sense of Confucian School with "morality" as its connotation and the other in the sense of Taoist school with "Xuwu"(虚无) as its connotation. Although Xu Fuguan's "Xinxing"makes a big breakthrough in the problem of the source of value, it is still not the real source of value yet, because the transcendent of Xu's Xinxing is a kind of "internal transcendent". The nature of "internal transcendent" is to regard the transcendental state as something predeterminate, while "predetermination"is the projection of the objectification of an individual's private desire. The broken political dreams permeats the Xinxing of Xu Fuguan, which in turn causes the "objectification"of Xinxing in the most delicate way, thus losing the thoroughness of the source of value. In order to seek for the real source of value, we need to make a step forward from Xu's Xinxing: opposite to Xu's turning round inward through 'Gongfu", we experience "Gongfu" as a kind of "awe". In this awe of Gongfu, one follows the "awe" towards faraway, and shows a human being's "Wu"(无) of overcoming one's selfish desire in the broad state towards faraway. The broadness of the state and the "Wu"of the human being guarantees fundamentally human being's immersion in it, and the real source of value reveals itself herefrom. Gongfu (awe)-----towards faraway------human being's Wu------human being's immersion in it , it is a course of extending faraway and returning to its origin. In C hinese tradition o f Li(礼) and Yue(乐), Yue is a k ind of free communication i n harmony. But the nature of "freedom" lies not in itself, but in opening up the broad state bearing this freedom. Therefore, the nature of Yue is to extend faraway and return to its origin with the free communication in harmony , and to guide and protect the source of value. To probe into the nature of art from the angle of Yue, we hold that art guides and protects the source of value in free communication's spirit of extending faraway and returning to its origin . In probing into "Chinese artistic spirit", Xu Fuguan holds that ,the reason why artistic state can spring up from the Xinxing of Xuwu is that, in the Xinxing of Xuwu the essential relation between the subject and object appears to existence, which is neither in the way of cause and effect nor in the way of former and latter. But the problem is , in this unselfish "Xuwu"of Xinxing, the "imagination" highlighting subjectiveness is the key producing and developing mechanism, which shows that its "Xinxing"of "Xuwu"is not really the source of value. Make a breakthrough. Following Heidegger's direction, we put the imagination highlighting subjectiveness back to the "two-way" structure of free communication. In this two-way structure there appears double springing-ups: free communication's opening up a broad state and human being's restraining himself in the two-way structure. This opening up and self-restraint makes one immersed in it, and the source of value appears herefrom. In the sense of "opening up and self-restraint", traditional Chinese mountains-and-w...