Study On Qu In The Qing Dynasty

This dissertation, which consists of preface, main part, and appendix, is designed to systematically and comprehensively clear up Qu (non-dramatic song) in Qing Dynasty.The preface is engaged to review the current state of the research into Qu and point out its significance. Since the research into Qu greatly benefits the study of the Qu in larger scale, of literary history, literary style as well as the Qing society.The main part is divided into seven chapters, which analyses the intrinsic developing laws and features of Qu inters of the cultural climate, the notions, roots and flowers, main themes, artistic feature as well as its writer team.The first chapter is an external research with a purpose to display the cultural climate of Qu. To be specific, it includes how the government cultural policies influence the creation, how the economy pushes its spread, and the practical activities of the writers. Through research, it is found that government's ban upon the so-called "pornographic verse", the limitation upon the audience and the dismissal of the composers of Qu alters the regular scholars' notion about Qu, but, on the other hand, fails to uproot its creation and spread. The only effect caused by the policies is to make the separation of creation and performance, and polarizes its creation to the two extremities, namely, high taste and vulgar taste.The second chapter is mainly engaged in the notions of Qing Dynasty. It is believed that Qu is only a "mean skill" or "distributary" is only a bias. The research into the articles by some scholars and the writers of Qu suggests that the unfair ideas is just a kind voice not the representative of the notion of Qu at Qing Dynasty, who already have a shrewd sight into the features of Qu.In the third chapter, some specific writers of Qu are taken as research samples. The survey focuses on the space and time in which the writers of Qu live, and their knowledge structure. In the terms of knowledge structure, they are scholars on Confucius classics, Song-Ming Confucius works or linguistics. Some of them are accomplished in poetry, so Qu in Qing Dynasty bears a heavy touch of poetry with distinct scholastic features.The fourth chapter, the main part of the dissertation, is devoted to outline the development course of Qu in Qing dynasty in terms of the times characters. In this dissertation, the Qu in Qing Dynasty is classified into three stages, namely, the turn of Ming and Qing, middle Qing and the late Qing. The thesis focus on the Qu by the people loyal to Ming Dynasty and poor tutors, and the connections between Ming and Qing in the creation of Qu at first stage, then the thesis is shifted to the second stage that covers 11 writers as well as their works that is classified into three schools, which are Qu with Ci style, scholastic Qu and Taoist Qu. Finally, the Qu is divided into Qu of...