On Virtue Ethics

This thesis devotes to explain the essence and the value orientation of virtue ethics,and expound the mechanism of its occurrence and development and the possibility of its existence. After reviewing the history of virtue ethics in the Orient and Occident ,summarizing its value orientation and the way it lies on for its occurrence and development. this dissertation ,based on the vision of new modernity, will comprehensively prove the possibility of the contemporary existence of virtue ethics from the perspective of Marxism practice. On the basis of people's everyday life,from the view of intersubjective communication ,focusing on practice, the dissertation will define virtue ethics according to the practice of our everyday life,investigating virtue ethics in the view of historical tradition ,informing us how to master virtue ethics by criticizing solipsism,objectivism and abstract virtue ethics. This dissertation will systematically analyze the essence and the development of virtue ethics through the comparison of the utilitarianism , deontology and abnormative ethics. Through this research ,we can find that there are three dimensions for virtue ethics,they are substantial structure ,meaning's structure and dialectical structure. The nature of virtue ethics is a kind of harmonious capability ,in other words,it refers to human self-care. Virtue ethics is the real ethics mode for human existence .It is the unification of good behavior for the individual and the public,the nature and the society .It positively sublates the alienation of ethics ,and it means people really own the essential of human ethics. The harmonious unification of virtuious governance,virtuious society and virtuious citizens is the real basis for the complete realization of virtue ethics. It is the ecological turn of ethics and the harmonious development of contemporary society that construct the existent mode of virtue ethics for human being .This dissertation is composed of five chapters besides introduction and conclusion. The reasons for the rejuvenation of virtue ethics and the mechanism of this dissertation will be presented in introduction, Chapter one is the theoretical basis for the whole dissertation, which begins with concepts,terms, and structures , illustrating the intension,and value orientation of virtue ethics. In chapter two ,a historical review will be given ,and based on cultural framework ,different thought schools of virtue ethics will be investigated in the Orient and Occident synchronically and diachronically ,which aim at elucidating that the development of human being and virtue ethics are tightly correlated. In chapter three,the essence and the methodology of virtue ethics will be philosophically analyzed.Through historical investigation and comprehensively comparing ,this chapter proves that the essence of virtue ethics is to shape harmonious human being,and the type of virtue ethics is not a technical contract-standard but target oriented ecological-standard. Chapter four is the most important part of this dissertation which analyzes and criticizes the...