Hovering In Nowhere-The Home In Lu Xun's Works

The literature is the study of human being. The target of the literature is the people, and the people have various complicated social relationships, the essence of human being is the total of the social relationships, and the family is the core of the people's social relationships, so the literary works at all times and in all lands will refer the question of family unavoidably. In the traditional Chinese society, the whole society taked the family as the foundation, the family consciousness has replaced westerners' social consciousness and national consciousness. So during the process of developing of literature , observing life and society from home or family angle , analyzing history, revealing the state of people's existence and development with the aid of the metaphor of family, display the author's impression of history, confiding the author's complicated emotion , became a common theme of the literature, so did Lu Xun's literary works.This thesis points out that Lu Xun's works have an implied anxiety to family. This family, includes three aspects: the small family , the clan (or family unit), the spiritual home comprising the traditional culture and the current society .The family of these three aspects is closely linked: the small family, the clan (or family unit, a bigger family) forms on the basis of it; Then the country and the environment(spiritual home or the biggest family ) which everybody lives in comes into being on the basis of the clan again. By analyzing of the family of these three aspects this thesis finds that reading from micro aspect the specific families appeared in Lu Xun's works are all passive , negative , desperate , miserable , painful, have all kinds of brokenness and pain,the people in these families are homeless and suffering ,so it proves Lu Xun's conclusion of Chinese family has collapsed for a long time actually; The clans appeared in Lu Xun's works are a series of families degenerated and declined from the point of view of a higher angle, Lu Xun displayed the evils of eating person inside the clans deeply; Reading Lu Xun's works from the macroscopic angle we can find that the traditional culture and the social environment make people feel desperate, bleak and desolate, so the people are unable to shelter themselves in the society and country,and Lu Xun was searching for the spiritual home in his works constantly. So Lu Xun's works demonstrate the anxiety to family profoundly and deeply one by one step by step on these three aspects.This thesis also analyses the love, marriage and the kinfolks as father, mother, brother, child, etc. appeared in Lu Xun's works, which are linked to family closely. This thesis analyses in detail the marriages without love, the family ruined after losing the father, the insulted, helpless and grieved mother, the false and cruel brotherhood and the children dead or can't be saved etc. inside the family showing in Lu Xun's works. Thus this thesi analyses Lu Xun's calm and original opinion on marriage and love, and his uncovering of the current situation of family which Lu Xun has announced a bitter miserably hell. By analysis and consideration of family in his works, we can see his attitude toward life and society, and probe into the writer's mind and experience from the works correctly. We can also find some unconscious psychological aspects of the writer, which is exactly the refraction of his subconscious. So the final part of this thesis also studies Lu Xun's life experience, understands the relations between his minds and experiences of miserable agony and the family in his works, analyses his ideal to find the poetic home where people can live happily.Lu Xun lost father in childhood, then the means of the family was declining, he was engaged in internal strife of the family from then on. His marriage to Zhu An was also very painful afterwards, and no love existed in his home. Unfortunately his brother became estranged too and gave Lu Xun a final weighty hitting. And the turbulence of the society, the country at stake, the youth's betrayal, the stab in the back by the people have a common goal, etc. made him feel desperate especially, the experience of the agony threw down dense shade on his heart and his works, which was very difficulty to get rid of, the anxiety of losing home was thrown deeply in his mind, and it influenced the image of every family in his works unavoidably. We can see his long travel for looking for spiritual home and his childlike heart which was covered with scars and his unyielding fighting spirit of resistance to desperateness.Lu Xun was unwilling to cheat himself, and he wanted to neither cheat the other people nor be cheated by the other people, he deeply, sternly, uncovered the veil on the house, showed people the true thing. He broke the iron room of home to make people realize their own existence state soberly. Though it would make others painfuly, and make Lu Xun himself in severe pain at the same time. After the disaster suddenly came in his family waked Lu Xun from the warm dreamland of childhood, he gradually found himself ,the people around and even the people of the whole country living in a terrible and painful house , Lu Xun had suffered too much tribulation and agony of families , from the family, the clan, until the big family(spiritual home) comprising the history , the traditional culture and the realistic society, it made him feel desperate. He found this house in fact was a iron room, which had no windows and was extremely difficult to be dilapidated, there were a lot of people sleeping soundly inside, and they were all dying,so it was not the spiritual home where people could live happily at all. Thus he fell deeply into lonely agony as the people had no family in fact. Lu Xun gone out his own home , set foot on the road with resolution to look for new voice in the foreign country , seek the truth, wake the people who was sleeping soundly .So he set up the endless long travel to look for the new home.Have been despaired by the reality and tradition, Lu Xun placed hope on the future. Influenced by evolutionism Lu Xun wanted to save child, hoped that through we sacrifice ourselves ,jack the dark gate by the shoulder ,put the child in the wide and bright place, make them have a happy life and be themselves from then on, by turning the elder's standard into the young one standard, the society could make the child and the youth changed into true people, thus Chinese could set up a people's country, build a poetic spiritual home where all people could live in. But this kind of dream had been crushed by the cruel reality, thus made Lu Xun falling into the thorough despair. However, Lu Xun resisted this desperate also. To a certain extent we can say that Lu Xun is characteristic with the hesitating between aggressiveness and upright, During the process of looking for his ideal home, he often wandered up and down between the two, sometimes he was aggressiveness, sometimes he was upright, the aggressiveness and upright permeated each other, coexisted at the same time, and it is very difficult to distinguish them clearly. This embodied his inner world where hope and desperate was interweaved and antagonized each other.Lu Xun's body was drifting constantly, his spirit was drifting, too, he hoped constantly, then desperated, and hoped again. He had gone through the suffering of the purgatory, but no matter how much suffering and painful he had endured, Lu Xun never totally gave up his ideal, he was resisting the desperate constantly, just like the passing traveler, though he knew clearly that the end-point of the way he was to go was a tomb, he insisted going on, and fighted the enemies with desperate tenacity. The prose dying fire signified his complicated inner world where the extreme cold and the extreme hot coexisted meanwhile. And the choice of the passing traveler in his another prose passing traveler is also the one of Lu Xun, it indicates Lu Xun's choice to make up one's mind to resist , aim at the movement just as the Mára.