Study On Danjiang Dialect's Grammar

The DanJiangkou city is located in the boundary region between Hubei and Henan province in northwest of Hubei province. The special geographical position creates the complexity of the Danjiang dialect. This article explores and clean up the characteristic grammar phenomena of the the Danjiang dialect, and it is divided into seven parts.The foreword.This part mainly introduces the Dan Jiangkou city's geography and history, and its language service condition; we confirm the research object, the research theory and basis of this article, and explore the dynamic analysis method which is named 'Two Triangle". In the end, we briefly describe the speech system of the Danjiang dialect, and introduce the base information of this article's writing.First chapter: the word construction of the Danjiang dialect. The word construction's means of the Danjiang dialect are exceptionally enrichment, which include two kinds as morphic means and syntactic means. This chapter mostly discusses the word construction of affixation and inflective forms, and debates the phenomena of phonetic split and synaeresis word formation.Second chapter: the Danjiang dialect overlapping.The overlapping phenomenon of the Danjiang dialect is very complex. This chapter discusses the forms, meanings and functions of the Danjiang dialect's overlapping according to the quality of base form and overlapping. We analyze a special overlapping form "X de Y de Y" of the Danjiang dialect from language forms, meanings and pragmatics, and explain its historical origin.Third chapter: the smaller naming of the Danjiang dialect. Comparing with the other peripheral dialects, the smaller naming of the Danjiang dialect not only absorbs extensively the several different kind of expressions of the other peripheral dialects, but also develops its special characteristic usages, and presents the bountiful characteristic. This chapter detailedly describes the expression ways of the Danjiang dialect's smaller naming and its phonetic changes, summarizes its characteristics, and carries on the dialect type inspection to the origin of the smaller naming "Xiao er".Fourth chapter: the times and aspects of the Danjiang dialect.The times and aspects category of the Danjiang dialect are divided as the following ten ways: perfective, persistence, origination, experience, continuing, already, shall, attempt, short-time and repeating. This chapter has separately carried on comprehensive analysis. Among the ten ways, the persistence expression is the most unique one. This chapter emphatically promulgated the relationships between several kind of the persistence aspect expression and their different historical arrangements, and revived the marker's original course of the Danjiang dialect's persistence aspect. Moreover, this chapter inspects particularly the several kinds of time and aspect meaning which the light tone [ti~0] of the Danjiang dialect has.Fifth chapter: the Danjiang dialect's auxiliary. "得" and "给(给它) " are the two very characteristic auxiliary of the Danjiang dialect. Not only the usage of "得" is abundant, but also it has a stronger symmetry, besides, there is the asymmetry in the symmetry. This chapter carries on the omni-directional inspection to the usage of "If" from several symmetrical and asymmetrical relationships. Moreover, this chapter has analyzed the usage of "给它" and "给" before "VP", and carried on diachronic and dialect types inspections to it.Sixth chapter: the treatment sentence and the passive sentence of the Danjiang dialect. The Danjiang dialect uses "叫" sentences to express treatment and passive relationships, which is consistent with Nanlu piece of central plains's mandarin. Moreover, the "看(叫) NPV/A的看" sentence in the Danjiang dialect is a kind of special express form with quite subjectivity.Seventh chapter: Conclusion. According to "Chinese Language Atlas" (1987), the Danjiang dialect belongs to the north piece of Hubei province of southwest mandarin. By unveiling the grammar characteristics of the Danjiang dialect and comparing with its neighboring dialects, we discovered that the attribute of the Danjiang dialect is not certainly pure. The DanJiangkou city is located in the north and south connection of geographical position, and it had frequent immigration in its history, which results in the combination and multiplicity of the Danjiang dialect. "Most of people speak Qin accent, and custom is fond of songs of Chu." This truly reflected that the Danjiang dialect is nipped between the southwest mandarin and central plains's mandarin. The Danjiang dialect has fallen under the overlapping influence of the southwest mandarin and central plains's mandarin, and simultaneously it has two kinds of characteristics of south and northern dialects.By writing this article, we further stressed that, Chinese dialects' research must attach importance to the excavation and cleaning up of dialect's facts, which is including not only the investigation and study of the core position of dialects regions, but also the one of the transition belts between the different dialects regions and points.