Research Significance On Materials And Technique For Dunhuang Murals

Paintings may deliver people's internal world vividly, basing on author's creativity, times trend, foreign culture and other multi-culture, which may use for both practicality and appreciation. At the very beginning of the initial paintings were made for curse or religion, however, as the development of age and gradual release on art expression, paintings possess more attraction from the side of appreciation. Thereamong the Spanish Altamira burrow murals and French Lascaux Caves murals made in 15, 000 to 10, 000 years BC belong to one of the representative painting form created for the practical aim of richness, memory and enjoyment, etc.Buddhist temple murals also belong to one of the strong practicality murals, which completely developed around 4th century after Buddhism spread in China on 2~3 century at the very beginning. The aim is to stress on the royalty of temple and Buddha-saluting. Buddhist temple murals are created from the angle of religion and developed along with the rich, crude mineral dye in harmony with the temple architecture. According to different age and region, the Buddhist temple murals exhibit many kinds of manner which may give some hints on not only the relating information of antiquity paintings and ancientry color pigment, but also the character of religion painting and backward the history evolution process, thus Buddhist temple murals possess important historical data value from the view of religion and society.Not only Buddhist temple murals, but also the art works, if the applied materials and the structural feature are not mastered in advance, it is obvious to profound understand history is impossible, and to integrally recover culture capital is also hard. Therefore the initial research should be made on pigments and materials history seriously through literature review and scientific analysis as a kind of project. Especially for the research on Buddhist temple murals, the analysis of pigment for murals is of high importance, as the applied pigments are critical to express painting features.This paper focuses on Dunhuang grotto murals as main research object because Dunhuang grotto murals have different pigment feature in different times and have much relation with Korea murals pigment. Thus Dunhuang grotto murals as main research object is also because Dunhuang passes the silk road, accommodates and reflects Turkestan painting style and technique as the intercourse channel of ancient western and oriental culture, which is in the extremely important location geographically. Except the characters of region, as murals go through thousands of years, continually created at the same site at different era, thus the murals possess very high historical data value, which becomes the sole site of the most sample pigment are well kept. Therefore the analysis and study on the pigments applied for the murals may speculate on the pigment feature at different times and its developing process.In order to study mural materials, this paper analyzes the relating record appearing in the acient literature and pigments applied for Dunhuang grotto murals, centers on ten basic colors of five color (white, scarlet, blue, yellow, black) as positive and negative in five element theory and five intermediate color (green, green jade, red, light yellow, purple) to elucidate the features and observe the development history of color sensation and color at different ages. In addition, focus is put on the sides of so-called depigmentation, metamorphose, falling off and other damages of Dunhuang grotto murals, to explain from the angle of arts history and conservation discipline, to promote the conservation manner with practical meaning from the angle of conservation project and current view and provide fundamental basis evidence for the future research on discovering modern mural materials and the fabrication of temple murals. The graduate author as mural professional painter has to consider the outstanding features of the conservation of mural works from the creation of work. Therefore the research on mural materials becomes the necessary part. In current case of most painters view the western art as the utmost value and idolatrous, this research may understand the excellent technique of oriental traditional murals and dissolve into modern art to accord with the aethestic standard of modern human.