On Pragmatic Number Of Modern Chinese

The essay includes two parts: The first part is to bring forward the concept——pragmatic number, from chapter three to five. The second part is to use the new dimension "pragmatic number"to improve the comprehension of "都",verbal duplication VV, the construction "不是．．．就/便是" and overall negative, in other words, I want to through the four chapters to prove that pragmatic number can help us to achieve better results.This thesis consists of ten chapters with about 170,000 characters in total.In chapter one, the introduction brief the objects for examining, the significance for the research, the approach of analyzing and the explanation of the corpora's origin.Chapter two mainly retrospects the studies on number.Firstly, Summarizing the achievements in former research: such as which category number falls into, the usage of number, the system of number, the research of number from typological angles and the cultural significance. Besides above content, the part concludes the research about number in quantity research.Secondly, Exploring the objection of former researcher: On the one hand, not having clear-cut division of number and quantity, bringing about the overlapping parts and affect respective research. On the other, the number theory now available can not explain some linguistic phenomena. Number is an important property to substantive components being distinguished into three layers before: paradigm number, syntactic number, semantic number. The thesis adds a new gradation——pragmatic number to coordinate contradiction.Chapter three examines different achievements about"event", then take the representation of unitary event for example to interpret event.From the literature, there are four origins of the concept event: Davidson, D's davidsonian,Hecto-Neri Castaneda's Neodavidsonian and modem thematic role; Jackendoff's conceptual semantics; Vendler,Verkuyl,Dowty,Smith and Dai yaojing's research on situation type; Shi youwei's "event", etc.On the basis of Jackendoff's points, our event is a concept subjective processing action state from the speaker's conception, which is jointly expressed by substantive composition and predicate composition. Event is the foundation to investigate pragmatic number, for the event type is the decisive factor to judge the pragmatic number value.In order to explain the concept event, we talk about the merge noun and the interactive verb.The fourth chapter tried to propose the grammatical concept of pragmatic number. Pragmatic number is a important property to substantive components, which by the quantity of the entity involved in a dispersed event as the critical point to judge the times used in the event that a sentence express.We can decide if the entity is pragmatic plural or singular by comparing the entity's quantity with the critical point. If the former is larger than the latter, the pragmatic number value is pragmatic plural; If the former is equal to the latter, the pragmatic number value is pragmatic singular; If the former is less than the latter, the event is not untenable and the sentence is illegal."Pragmatic" has two implications: The first implication refers to speaker's appliance situation of linguistic notation; The second implication is that the new meaning of a substantive composition is not got from the designation, but from the mutual relation of different linguistic notations.Chapter five tried to classify pragmatic number. In one dimension, it can be divided into spatial segmentation, temporal segmentation, functional segmentation, feature segmentation.Spatial segmentation pragmatic number refers to the event that involves the spatial quantity of entity, such as "eat chicken". Temporal segmentation refers to the event that involves the temporal quantity of entity, temporal segmentation refers to the the event involves time an entity exists or the time a entity is concerned. Functional segmentation refers to the entity that event involves the functional quantity of entity participate in the event, in the kind of event, the entity participate in more than one event. Feature segmentation refers to the entity that event involves the entity with gradual transformation in temporal procedure.In another dimension, pragmatic number can be divided into sufficiency number and necessity number. The former refers to the way a entity participate in an event is sufficient; the later refers to the way a entity participate in a event is necessary.Besides, we use pragmatic number to discriminate determinant component part and descriptive component part, the appliance of one-way adjective and aspect mark.Chapter six discusses blanket adverb "dou"."Dou"decorates pragmatic plurality, and the decorated component part can locate to the left or the right to "dou". The former refers to the general blanket: each part of an individuality or each individuality participate in a behaviour; The latter refers to list: which individuality of a set participate in a behaviour.Besides, this chapter also explains the reason why the interrogative pronoun has different interpretation before or behind "dou".Chapter seven research verbal duplication. Previous researchers been very detailed, but there is large divergence of points. This chapter takes "VV" as our target, in limited range, that is 1308 pieces of verbs and 2170 pieces of sense. The situation type have something to do with if a verb can be dupicated, we expand inspect range, on the basis of iconicity theory, integrate the pragmatic number value substantive component, then got the ultimate conclusion: the meaning of verbal duplication is "occur many times".In this chapter, we think that the essence of verbal duplication is verb number.Capter eight studied the construction and the semantic of "不是A就/便是B" from the view of the pragmatic number, and come to the conclusion: When X is pragmatic plural according to the events E1 and E2, no matter whether it is spatial segmentation, temporal segmentation, functional segmentation, or feature segmentation, the construction of "不是A就/便是B" can express both meaning of option and juxtaposition. But when X is pragmatic single, the construction can only express the meaning of option.Chapter nine is on moderu chinese "overall negative". In this paper take overall negative as our study focus, and many specialists have got the same point that negating the unit "—+量+名" implies an overall negative. But we think that it is not certainly so. Syntax construction type. pragmatic number and negative verbs jointly are the important dimensions to analyze the overall negative, and then we list a succession of expressing it.The tenth chapter is the conclusion, summarizes the maim idea of the thesis, then points out some future topics to be explores in the future.The adoption of pragmatic number simplifies the semantic and pragmatic rules largely, and concept is generative to many grammatical phenomena.