Ming And Qing Shandong Dynasty Legend

This article take the Zaju and Chuanqi Opera in Ming and Qing Dynasties in Shandong as research object. It has full academic, cultural and practical value. Firstly, Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi opera in Ming and Qing Dynasties has profound culture as foundation,has famous writers, works and literature communities as strut,and has the development and evolution of different opera styles and stylistic features in different time to add color. In more than 500 years of Ming and Qing Dynasties, it vividly demonstrates the entire, dynamic history of the art form of Chinese opera,and provides a rare angle of view and quite important reference system for us to review the development history and features of Chinese opera.Secondly, since the late 1980s in the 20th century, as a specific cultural system,Qilu culture becomes a research object with widespread attention in academic circle,but in various studies of Qilu culture and Confucian culture,most people neglect the research function of the classical opera in Shandong. Therefore it is quite meaningful to examine and interpret Shandong's local culture- - Qilu culture and give it a more objective position from the angle of Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Furthermore,it has the extremely important practical significance to promote the prosperity and development of the Shandong's opera cause today,deepen people's reflections on culture,and strengthen people's cultural construction,through summarize and comment the experience and lessons of Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties from the aspects of history,culture,literary style,and esthetic. But the specialized research literature about Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties is very few until now,and moreover most is restricted to general description of the history constitute by writers and works.Indirect research literature focus on famous opera writers and works ,such as Kong Shangren and Li Kaixian, the Dongping writers group in Yuan Dynasty, and the Operas that have tremendous influence today,such as Shandong Bangzi and Luju. Therefore,it undoubtedly has significance for current research in this area to contrast horizontally and study vertically the aesthetic characteristics, evolution history and cultural connotation.This article will solve three key questions.First, summarize and discriminate the similarities and differences between Shandong Zaju Chuanqi and the general opera literature in Ming and Qing Dynasties,and the two kind of specific operas' literature style between Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Second, explore the concrete appearance of evolvement history in the aspect of humane spirit and esthetic characteristics. Third, collect and discriminate the writers' life experiences,the collection and recording of works and versions.In this paper, the text includes five chapters. The first chapter "An Introduction to Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties ", mainly clarifies the basic material of the writers and works, concisely describes its development process, the basic trend and so on. The second chapter "The Thought about Value of Life in Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties " and the third chapter "The Thought about Traditional Virtue in Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties", respectively discusses the thinking and orientation of life value and traditional vitue, tries to find its origin from region history and culture, and explains its reason from the realistic social culture. The fourth chapter "the Exploration About Narrative Xushi in Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties " and the fifth chapter "the Language Style of Elegance and Vulgarity in Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties", respectively describes its evolution course in narrative Xushi and elegant or vulgar language style, and reveals its cultural significance and function.This paper followed three basic research methods, namely comparison research methods, cultural research method and documentation research method. First, on the one hand this paper compares Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi with contemporary opera works, on the other hand the paper pays attention to compare Shandong Zaju with Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties,so as to not only outline accurately the essential feature of the regional opera literature, but also clarify clearly different essential features of these two unique opera style. Second, this paper penetrates as far as possible culture research method, investigates thoroughly the concrete physiognomy and cultural connotation of its literary style in culture contexts of overall and regional culture changes in Ming and Qing Dynasties.Third,this paper also uses documentation research method to collate and verify the basic document material of the writers and their works, tries to record exhaustively , do texual research appropriately, be practical and realistic and do not follow blindly what has been writen.The paper's innovations lie in: first, it is overall and specialized research about Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties.Few academic researchers take it as a whole and contemplate it from the angle of regional literature, which reflect a cold and ignored attitude of the educational circle. Setting foot in the abandoned areas or the place where previous studies ignored, may regarded as this paper's innovations. Second, this paper takes methods of culture, documentation and comparison,combines regional culture tradition with time culture atmosphere,combines history—describing with theory—inquiring,pays emphasis on revealing the culture implication in humanistic spirit and aesthetic characteristics,and makes value judgement to view ancient and modern.This may be a innovation. Third, present study often pays attention to famous writers and works,ignores unknown writers and works,so the author searches a lot of materials of unfamous writers and works from local chronicle literature.Though we cannot investigate thoroughly their activities and works,if we analyze these as much as possible,we will close to all the facts. Through the research of Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi's evolution history in Ming and Qing Dynasties,the author thinks Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi's changes in artistic spirit, aesthetic connotation and characteristics are not balanced but often uneven,not linear,but often circulatory.It often consists with general opera ,but deviates it sometimes.The unconsistent, non-linear and crossover makes complex appearance of Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi's evolution history in Ming and Qing Dynasties. But on the other hand, historical development trend of Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties is rule-based. It still distinctively manifestes the Qilu culture spirit in the whole, has gradual characteristic of general culture development,and ultimately agrees with the historical development trend of Chinese classical culture in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Generally speaking, Shandong Zaju and Chuanqi in Ming and Qing Dynasties has these characteristics:the life attitude of concerning and involving reality positively, the thought of combining Confucianism with Taoism, the humanism concerning of people-centered, the neutral beauty of attaching importance to sentiment and li,the literature pursuit of innovation,the demeanour of embracing elegance and vulgarity.