Research On Confucianism Of Jin Dynasty

Confucianism is both the national ideology and the popular culture of Jin dynasty, and it affects the historical development of Jin dynasty profoundly and greatly. In the early and middle stage of Jin dynasty, Confucianism is in the period of popularization and systematization; and in the late stage, the Confucianism of Jin dynasty is really in the academic period with the Confucianism representatives'appearance, such as Zhao Bingwen, Wang Ruoxu and Li Chunfu. They begin with the traditional Confucianism, inherit the Confucianism of Han dynasty, Tang dynasty, Liao dynasty and Song dynasty, and form the Confucianism thought of Jin dynasty with its own characteristic through criticizing, inheriting and innovating which play a role of transition in the development of Confucianism. This paper is divided into five parts:Part I: The develop venation of Confucianism of Jin dynasty. Its develop experiences three stages: that is, the stage of absorbing the elite of other dynasty, the stage of systematization and the stage of academic. The period of Jintaizu and Jintaizong is called"the stage of absorbing the elite of other dynasty". In this period, the Confucians of other dynasties are the successors of Confucianism of Jin Dynasty. The governors of Jin Dynasty use the talents of Confucianism of Liao Dynasty and Song Dynasty to finish the missions of founding and consolidating the country. In the early period Xizong, Hailingwang, Shizong and Zhangzong, the Confucianism of Jin Dynasty is in the period of popularization and systematization with the total combination with political system. And it apparently appears the Confucianization of amenities, the Confucianization of education and the Confucianization of examination. In the late period of Zhangzong, especially after Zhenyou's ferrying to the south, The force of Jin Dynasty is weaker and weaker, while the Confucianism of Jin Dynasty turns over a new page, it is in the academic period with the spread of Confucianism of Nansong Dynasty.Part II: The academic origin of Confucianism of Jin dynasty. It derives from the Confucianism of Liao dynasty, Tang dynasty and Song dynasty. Although the Confucianism of Liao dynasty is the governing thought, it achieves little achievement and its influence on Confucianism of Jin Dynasty is only on the early stage of absorbing the elite of other dynasty. In a long time after the foundation of Jin dynasty, it firstly accepts the Jingxue of Han dynasty and Tang dynasty, especially in the aspects of national education and examination. The Confucianism of Jin Dynasty always keeps the characteristics of Jingxue of Han dynasty and Tang dynasty through carrying out the national system. The Confucians of Jin dynasty have an antipathy to the fussiness of Confucianism of Han dynasty, while they have a profound respect for the Confucianism of Yangxiong and Wangtong and are influenced a lot by them. The Confucianism of Song dynasty exists as a non-popular thread till the late time of Jin dynasty. With the spread of the Confucianism of Nansong, it affects the Confucianism of Jin Dynasty a lot and in some sense, its influence is bigger than that of Jingxue of Han dynasty and Tang dynasty. There are many schools of thought of Confucianism of Song dynasty, and the followings affect the Confucianism of Jin Dynasty: Sushi Shuxue, Wang Anshi Xinxue, Ercheng Luoxue and Zhuxi Mingxue. According to some document, Sushi Shuxue and Wang Anshi Xinxue are introduced into the north in an early time, but people of Jin dynasty have a profound respect for Sushi Shuxue while abandon Wang Anshi Xinxue at all. They hold in esteem of Sushi Shuxue because of its literature achievements and the recognition of moral quality; They dissatisfied with Wang Anshi because of political antipathy and the differences in academy is a minor reason. With Zhenyou's ferrying to the south, Ercheng Luoxue have a durative influence on the north and we can say that Ercheng Luoxue have the biggest influence. Zhuxi Mingxue is introduced to the north in the late time and it attract people's attentions owing to its important position. But actually, its influence is less important than that of Ercheng Luoxue.Part III: The professional researches on the Confucianism of the three representatives separately, that is, Zhao Bingwen, Wang Ruoxu and Li Chunfu. The author thinks that the three representatives'Confucianism research has its own characteristic: Zhao Bingwen is called"the master of the orthodox Confucianism of Jin dynasty"and his achievement is the highest in Jin dynasty. His theories of"Dazhong Shuo""Cheng Shuo"and"Zhonghe Shuo"all have their own characteristics. The Confucianism of Zhao Bingwen is influenced a lot by Yang Xiong and Wang Dao. Wang Ruoxu's achievement of Jingxue is recognized by his contemporary and descendant. As Sikutiyao evaluates that Wang Ruoxu is the greatest master in Jingxue in Jin dynasty and Yuan dynasty. Mingdaojishuo is the only work that Li Chunfu have come down, in which there is an overall discussion on Xinshuo, Xingshuo and Guishenshuo. Li Chunfu's thought of"the combinations of Ru, Shi and Dao"takes up his important position in Chinese ancient thought history. And he believes that the essence of Ru, Shi and Dao is the same and the combinations of them is the inevitable result. The realization of combination is through Xinxue in theory.Part IV: Nvzhen race of Jin dynasty and Confucianism. The contents of education and examination of Nvzhen race in Jin dynasty are mainly about Confucianism. Confucianism is the guide-thought for the Nvzhen governors. The concepts of filial piety, honesty and chastity of Confucianism affect Nvzhen race a lot, however, the academic research of Nvzhen race on Confucianism is still on a relatively low level.Part V: The basic spirit of Confucianism of Jin dynasty. The author thinks that the basic spirit of Confucianism of Jin dynasty is the combinations of Ru, Shi and Dao, the consciousness of golden mean, the spirit of criticism, and the combinations of Confucianism of Han dynasty and Song dynasty.In Conclusion, it gives a brief evaluation on the Confucianism of Jin dynasty in the aspects of political function, academic value and social affection.