A Study Of Jiaosi System From Han Dynasty To Nan-Bei Dynasty

This thesis mainly explores the birth,development and maturity of imperial Jiaosi System(imperial worship of the late emperors,heaven and earth.)which lasts over 800 years,from Han Dynasties to Nan-Bei Dynasty.Firstly,by drawing on a great deal of debates about Jiaosi in Jing Theories,this thesis,based on the internal factors of Jiaosi system from the perspective of etymology and philology,concludes that the relevant factors about Jiaosi has been constantly being interpreted in different ways.Those academic analysis of the system of the Worship,the shape of the enshrine,the spots of Worship and the music,sacrifice and tools for Worship makes the Confucianism systematized and makes imperial rites for worship formulated. And the reforms of Jiaosi has been summed up which involves two parts: Xia-Shang-Zhou periods;from Qin-Han Dynasty to Ming-Qing Dynasty.Secondly,it's said that Jiaosi is on the decline because of the political dissension and Minority invasion in the Wei-Jin Dynasty and Nan-Bei Dynasty.This thesis based on a great amount of case studies,with the Qinci and Jiaosi as the targets,tries to illustrate the concepts of "General Tradition" and "Narrow Tradition" by Redfield,Robert with "Style" and "System" as the research frameworks.Therefore,this thesis holds that whether Confucianism is prime or not,the emperors attach a great importance to the Jiaosi all the time even in the periods of national unification and dissension.This thesis shows that Jiaosi in Han-Wei Dynasty develops in two ways:one is promoted by the "Narrow Tradition",such as totems,mysticism and astrology etc.;the other is promoted by the "General Tradition",that is Confucianism.With the development in Jin Dynast and Nan-Bei Dynasty,Jiaosi system has been in full development and becomes one of the most important part of Etiquettes system by the Li's Theories formulation and national reunification.Lastly,the present research originates from urgent needs of reforming the political power and imperial power in Wei-Jin Dyansty and Nan-Bei Dynasty as well as the academic background of debates between contemporary and ancient research in Confucianism.The reason has been analyzed.In conclusion,Jiaosi system has four properties:Worship of Heaven and Earth and imperial arbitrariness;obvious hierarchy; gods attached to political power;multiple ness of Jiaosi system.