Western Cultural History Of Nineteenth Century Research

By discussing the birth and development of the western cultural history in 19^th century, and viewpoints of outstanding cultural historiographers, this paper thoroughly sets forth basic connotations of ideology of the western cultural history in 19^th century, and so indicates its importance in the developmental history of western historiography and far-reaching influence on the development of western historiography as a whole.This paper consists of three parts, that is, introduction, body and conclusion.The introduction is on the purpose and meaning of this study, some related researches made by scholars both at home and abroad, and train of thought of this paper.The body includes eight parts. Now to explain respectively as follow:In first part, it mainly discusses the Social background, surge of thoughts, and academic condition of the western cultural history in 19^th century. It indicates that when being observed and discussed the fundamental situation of the western cultural history in 19^th century should be put in the integrated background of Society, surge of thoughts, and academic condition. Therefore, it can be fully recognized, understood and grasped.In second part, it mainly discusses the basic researching tradition of the western cultural history before 19^th century. Through explaining and commenting the cultural works and ideology of Herodotus, Voltaire and Herder, who are the three famous western cultural historians before 19^th century, it indicates their studying in cultural history have the function of reference and utilization to the researching of the western cultural history in 19^th century.In third part, it mainly discusses the developmental course of the western cultural history in 19^th century. By analyzing the three basic stages of the developmental course of the western cultural history in 19^th century, it makes clear that the western cultural history in 19^th century have gone through a course in which it separated gradually from the political history.In fourth part, it mainly discusses the basic characteristic of the western cultural history in 19^th century. The author emphasizes it from three views, that is, studying subject, studying basic point and studying tropism, to show the unique scene of no focus, synthesis and globalization of the western cultural history in 19^th century, to embody the rich and varied of the interior of the western cultural history in 19^th century, and to discuss how its rich and varied being effected in some degrees the disseminating of the western cultural history from 19^th century to 20^th century.In fifth part five, it analyzes the studying condition of cultural history, put forward by Fancois Pierre Guillaume Guizot. Specifically, it mainly states the sources of his idea, his splendid analysis of the process of European civilization, his treatise about the relationship of freedom, law and civilization. And by these discusses, the author shows the historical view of process of European civilization and the historical epistemology of Guizot.In sixth part, it mainly discusses the studying condition of cultural history and the historical ideology put forward by Henry Thomas Buckle. Through observing his discussion about the progressive law of civilization, and his commentary on the relation between religion and civilization, it makes clear the significance of his emphasis on the progressive law of civilization and the social affect of his historiography.In seventh part, it mainly analyzes the cultural historical works and ideology, put forward by Jacob Burckhardt. Through observing the source of his interesting in cultural history, his deep recognition in historical culture and his studying interesting in "the discovery of man", it embodies his social historical view and his historiography.In eighth part, it discusses the studying condition of cultural history, put forward by Karl Lamprecht. Observing his meanings and actions, through which, he regards the cultural history as new historiography direction. And research his recognition in the relationship between the change of collective mentality and the progress of society, and his effect on historiography.The conclusion, by putting the western cultural history in 19^th century in the development of western historiography, discusses its status and influence in western historiography.