A Syntactic And Semantic Approach To The MOVING-Sememed Verbs In Modern Chinese

There are a lot of verbs in modern Chinese what we call them as MOVING-sememed verbs. These verbs have special semantic characteristics,such as[+dynamics][+behavior] [+change]and always contain the meaning about change(s) of space location in a narrow sense.They are in a close relationship with some semantic roles such as Source and Goal and often appear in some particular syntactic structures such as "cong+ Source+verb", "verb+ dao+ Goal","cong+ Source+ verb+ dao+ Goal" and "cong+ Source+ dao+ Goal+ verb" etc..These MOVING-sememed verbs have distinct semantic and syntactic specialties which can promote the Case grammar and the Valency grammar research in modern Chinese greatly.An approach to these MOVING-sememed verbs may be helpful to the finally solving of some important basic theoretic problems in the areas of the Case grammar and the Valency grammar research.As we think,the focus of the Case grammar is the deep semantic relations between the verbs and their semantic roles while the Valency grammar is trying to answer that if all of these relations will be reflected on the syntactic surface and how they are reflected.There are a lot of profound consistency and inconsistency between semantic and syntax in natural languages.We can not reach a satisfactory outcome if we studied semantic or syntax independently.Basing on a careful classification of particular kind of verbs,what we should do is to describe their relations and then to find out the probable foundation and reason of the complex language phenomena.For the sake of showing the relations between semantic and syntax,we chose the MOVING-sememed verbs in modern Chinese as our subject.We investigated every sememe of every verb in the Chinese verbs usage dictionary and then confirmed 666 MOVING-sememed verbs.After these,we classified these 666 verbs into 12 species according to their different Agent,Object and Location.We discussed the semantic and syntactic characteristics of these verbs and induced their semantic structure and their possible syntactic forms.Afterwards,we also studied those different syntactic forms of those MOVING-sememed verbs and tried to establish some standards to explain that which forms are the superior distributions of the semantic roles of a certain kind verb and which forms are the inferior distributions.What we called superior distributions are the forms which have fewer limitations and are easier to analogize and transform while the inferior distributions have more limitations and are more difficult to analogize or transform.We then tried to point out all of the limitations of the inferior distributions.We believed that such kind of research might bridge the semantic and syntactic study,therefore might be helpful to establish a model of semantic-syntactic research.This paper also refers some problems which have a close relation about our discussion,such as the double-objects clauses and the transferred-designation of "X+de".