Poetics Of Opera Studies Introduction

The theme of this thesis is to make comparative study on poetics and Qu Xue,which are two branches of the Chinese ancient scholarship on literature.The general trend of Chinese ancient literature and theory is toward intellectualition which process begins accompanying a new style and its theory was born throughout the literary history.It is then intellectualition by which this thesis attempts to find the concrete contexts and background for comparative study between poetics and Qu Xue.Besides,due to time-honoured and sacred poetics and its thorough intellectualition ,the following musical literature and criticism are always close to it consciously or not,among them Qu Xue is prominent.Therefore Chapter one defines and analyses intellectualition first and study the distinction between Ya and Su which intellectual attaches importance to most and by which distinguish themselves and the mass.After doing this,the paper discuss the process of intellectualition which is considered three stages:the first is prepared stage for intellectual poem(poetics) when Confucianism defines the basic characteristics of poetics in Xian Qin and Liang Han;the second is established stage in Wei Jin and Six Dynasties when individual consciousness awakes and Xuan Xue and Buddhism rises,intellectuals see poem as a form by which they can transcend themselves spiritly;in the third stage from Tang to Song,along with the forms of poem complete and become fixed,intellectuals difines the border of poem of theirs:Ge and Yun,internal and external of a poem.Tang and Song is an era full of great changes in the history of China and for this reason called Transitions in T'ang and Sung China,from which we can understand the rise of so-called Su literature ,as a result of its access to intellectual's vision and documents.Chapter two observes the formation and appearance of Qu on the basis of the above.The prosperity of Ci and the gradual rise of Qu enriches the tradition of poetry from which Ci Xue and Qu Xue draws spirit resource to drive up their status and quality,whereas losing their own specific character.Especially Qu,not only refers to San Qu,but also Xi Qu as a comprehensive acting form far apart poem.Due to the tradition of poetry,Qu Xue constantly focuses on the lyrics as a form of literature,in which only rules for tonal patterns and rhyme scheme represents its specific character,more concrete is Qu Pu Xue and it is very late for Qu Xue to focus on the side of drama.As a result of un-break connection with the mass and its own congenital character,Qu Xue has not finished intellectualition like poetics from beginning to end. Chapter three enters the concrete comparative study.Putting sevral subjects on literature and Arts the centre of the study,this chapter makes comparative analysis to poetics and Qu Xue.Part one begins from the happenning of Arts which built on the basis of concept of Wu Gan and Ren Wen.The point of view about this subject is always connected with Education of Poetry and Music because soaked in the Culture of Ritual and Music and so on set the biggest use of poetry and Qu.Part two begins with subject of writing and discuss the same and different point of poetics and Qu Xue about psychology in the process of writing.This part also discuss the subject of structure and relationship between literature and knowledge,that is,Laws in the writing.Part three lays emphasis on the style and schools and introduces the specific content about relationship between Sheng Qing and Ci Qing,and discuss partiality for implicit style in poetics and the content of so-called style as the author which is not discussed in Qu Xue.Besides,both of them pays attention to the difference in style in the North and South.Part four focuses on the pursuit of top level in Arts and find they both see Nature as this level.Part five based on the interpretationism and study the subject on attitude,means and writing forms in criticism.Chapter four changes over to the point of category.This chapter contains two parts and respectively discuss the common category which referring may be same or different in different literary form criticism and the reason why some categories are not used in certain forms.Part of poetics selects four sets of categories which not only contain the core chains of category in poetics,and some mark the top level in poetry.some of their connotation changes when moved into Qu Xue and some of other never move out because of the consciousness of dividing line of culture.Category Ben Se and Zhen in Qu Xue originated in poetics but their status are far more higher in Qu Xue.This situation rarely happens in the mode of communication between both of them that categories prosper in Qu Xue and affect poetics on the contrary.