On The Doctrine Of Nietzsche's Life

How to affirm individual existence is the basic question of Nietzsche's life theory. As beings, individual existence is not the Being itself. This finity decides that existence has to look for some basis or origin in the outer as the determination, so as to get some meaning, value and reason for survival. Traditional metaphysicians try to construct various Beyond-Being in order to build up a better basis for human life; however, Nietzsche thinks this metaphysical way is impossible in looking for outer basis for existence.Nietzsche investigates the existential experience of modern people and the nihilism history, and points out that Platonists believes Beyond Being is the basis of individual existence. In their mind, individual existence can get its meaning merely by affirming and pursuing Beyond-Being. What's more, they make certain"ontology"as the subject of their philosophy, which excludes the existence. The loss of existence results in the European nihilism history and modern people's homeless experience. Nietzsche criticizes the traditional metaphysics that is represented by Platonism. He believes that their genealogy of"Being"and the double-deck structure of temporality and beyond world are built up on the fictive concept"subject". Nietzsche's aim is to discover the falsehood of Beyond-Being and to recover the individual existence to the philosophy subject.The thought of Nietzsche can be divided into three periods, the early, the middle and the late period. Early Nietzsche holds some ideas of art-metaphysics. He believes that two individual art emotions, Apollo and Dionysus, can be aroused in the ancient Greek Tragedy. With them, one can transcend the boundary of individual, and get into the metaphysical world to concretize the primary"life"and to enjoy the deep happiness. Meanwhile, one can get an aesthetical perspective, so as to affirm the existence positively.Middle Nietzsche abandons his metaphysical idea and turns to looking for the possibility to transcend the finity of existence within the inner domain of existence. He examines the condition and manner of individual existence, and argues that the nature of existence lies in creativity."The free spirit"exploits a positive living manner during the process of breaking various chains and going back to its own creative nature.Late Nietzsche expresses the nature of existence as"the will to power". This is a kind of emotion that orders existence to do some creative activities. As the inner determination, the will to power makes existence keeping on creating. Individual stands in its creativity, and experiences the sense of intoxication in transcending the individual boundary and merging into the whole collection of beings brought by the overmuch creative power. This individual is not the finite being that is chained in the various trivial difficulties. But it can get a perspective on the dimension of Being. It can enjoy this world aesthetically and experience the primary happiness that is brought by the rich life power. Nietzsche emphasizes this aesthetical experience. To his opinion, there is a possibility of individual existence transcending itself to attain infinity. With the possibility, individual can sublime and transcend itself.The expressing pattern of primary"life"is an important question in Nietzsche's life theory. How to express the primary"life"? Nietzsche assumes that the expression is not identical with concepts, but is a kind of body language that is wider. Body language is multiform. It can be the metaphorical language in myth and fable, and the article languages, such as Dionysus'music, as well as the body languages just like Zarathustra's dance. This kind of language confers the concretizing experience of individual existence with the primary"life". It becomes the opening of the possible way that individual uses to transcend its finity.Upon the relationship between the"life"and the"world", Nietzsche believes that life appears as the perspective of the world."Life"perspective is not a certain perspective, but a kind of becoming perspective. As the inner perspective that comes out from the inner nature of existence,"life"perspective affirms the creative activities of individual existence. The individual existence, which stands in its own nature, keeps on denying the fixed life pattern and exploiting new existing possibilities. It can experience the deep happiness that is brought by the rich life power within the denying and exploiting activities.