Critique Of Western Virtue Ethic Tradition

Virtue is an ancient and new topic of human being.since mankind enters civilization society ,the light of virtue shines people's spiritual world and causes self-creativity in terms of moral sense,and focuses on enhancement of mankind nature and cultivation of mankind feeling and formation of good habits forever and lovely.Also, it takes historical responsibity for constructing spiritual home.with regard to it, virtue is virtually an inner "excellence" during the course of which mankind constantly overruns its natural traits.Western virtue ethic tradition is a focus on social morality life and ethic order and an exploration of strength of mankind quality and reflection of mankind fate when western morality logic stands for its times. As social strucure transforms from traditional one to modern one. Virtue ethnic retires to the edge of modern morality life from its previous center as mediating people's conducts so that contemporary western thinkers as the representative of Alasdair Maclntyre put forward "return to Arstoltle's virtual tradition" on basis of which mankind can escape from the trouble of contemporary western social morality life .Concerning that ,we consistently follow the principle of accordance of logic and history and respectively review heroes' virtue in Homeric poems and the virtue theory of ancient Greek city and Christianity.Natrually,The pursuit of decline reason of western virtue ethic tradition is a core about this topic. Professor Maclntyre considers this question from two aspects of theory evolution of ethics and social transformation.It can be said that his views offer us a thinking angle for the pursuit of decline reason of western virtue ethic tradition. The disseration studies the ideoalogical source of traditional virtue ethics decline from two aspects : for one thing ,virtue ethic tradition disappears from specific culture background;for another ,from the evolution course of ethic idea. it demonstrates traditional virtue ethics decline.In rational spirit enlightenment movement advocates,knowledgable shape and ethics displays two styles: utilitarianism and deontology. Utilitarianism makes the virtue a tool,the obligation in deontology is more important than virtue ,but the rights theory causes the virtue less important.It can be said that these are direct idea sources of traditional virtue ethics decline. The radical reason of traditional virtue ethics decline lies in the transformation of social structure. Detailedly speaking, social environments on which traditional virtue ethic depends are social community with rankings,however, the structure of modern society is bourgeois one,in which people relationship is based on contracts and both sides are equal.In such a social order,normative ethic is a natural and main way of moderating people ethical relationship.Critique of Maclntyre virtue theory is a problem we must face.We discuss this problem from two sense and three aspects.As for two sense,we hold positive attitudes toward rational contents of his virtue ,and nagative toward irrational .As for three aspects,the first is we hold positive attitudes toward his idea about relationship between virtue and tradition ;the second is a critique of his "return to community in order to save modern virtue" from the aspect of modernity;the third is a critique of his 'Thomis' virtue theory is one important part of Aristotle's virtue tradition".Utilitarianism ,deontology and rights theory are products of enlightenment movement and rationalism.How we think about overrunning the conflict of virtue ethic and normative ethic can be settled from modernity. This dissertation explains and analyzes the combination of normative ethic and virtue ethic from the point of view of theory and practice.As far as virtue and norm in moral sestemy is concerned,the relationship of virtue and norm takes on two aspects of history and logic. As for the relationship of institutional ethic and virtue ethic ,we put forward a constructive way : from the former to the latter.