The Six Dynasties Literature Affected By Buddhism

Buddhism as a religion, changes the followers' outlook on life and world. Also, as a culture, it is the common wealth of mankind. In the thousands of years of dissemination, it exclusively grew and developed on the intelligence instead of violence. Sanzo Buddhism is a religion, a philosophy, and the literary and art in flesh and blood. After entering the East, Buddhism underwent the process of localization, colliding and integrating with the Chinese ancient civilization which has the same high degree of intelligence. Thus it not only managed to maintain the basic teachings of its own, but also integrated into the Chinese civilization flexibly, and became an indispensable part of the Chinese culture. We can not neglect study of ancient Chinese literature, especially in the Six Dynasties literature. The impact of Buddhism can not be ignored.In short, the relationship between Buddhism and literature is that after its introduction, Buddhism has promoted the development of Chinese literature, and then its popularity was facilitated by the wide dissemination of literature with a strong factor of Buddhism. Popular literature such as novels, focuses on civil people, while poetry and other literary penetrates noble and elegant people, so literature has become an important carrier of the spread of Buddhism. After one thousand years without failure, Buddhist culture has become part of Chinese culture, involving all aspects. Based on the substantial first-hand documentation, and drawing on past researchers' valuable accomplishment, this article analyzes the relationship between Buddhism and the Six Dynasties literature on a macro-level, applying historical and dialectical methodology. When analyzing the specific style and article, the author focuses on the macro and micro level, lists the best part, and compares horizontally and vertically to avoid being biased.About the defining of the time, the thesis takes a broad concept of the Six, including the Wei, Jin and Southern Dynasties. Due to the fact that some writers crossed two periods, such as Yu Xin, Yan Tuizhi, and so on, sometimes it will include Northern and Southern Dynasties. This kind of definition is a more traditional literary history of the stage, and coincides with the basic stage of its localization, thus facilitates comparison between the two. Some other famous monks are involved in several parts of thesis, their life situation is placed on their prominent achievements. For example, Xie Lingyun is both the originator of Landscape Poems and a follower; this article describes him intensively in Buddhism and Landscape Poetry section. This principle also applies to other figures.The text is divided into five sections, the first two chapters concerning why Buddhism can solve questions of literature; the last three chapters deal with specific style analysis and analyze how Buddhism influences the Six Dynasties literature and the extent of impact.The first part is the relationship between Buddhism and the Six Dynasties' social thought trend. Literature uses the language for the expression of social life and mental activity of subjects, and belongs to the social ideology of the scope of Art. To study literature of Six Dynasties period, it is necessary to concern about the society situation and social trend they reflect. The introduction of Buddhism has changed the traditional Chinese social life, thereby affecting the prevailing social ideology. And ideological changes in society will inevitably be reflected in the literature. Therefore, first of all you have to have a better understanding of Buddhism, its historical overview and Buddhist cause, and then you can discuss the impact of localization process on the upper nobility and the lower people separately.The second part deals with the literary thought of Buddhism. Concerning literature about Buddhism, there is a certain degree of contradiction between what it says and what it does. On the one hand, in order to emphasize "all turn out to be fruitless," it excludes literature, claiming that "verbal Road off", word enlightenment are the "only way"; in fact it attaches great importance to the role of language and literature. Since the very beginning, the Buddha Sakyamuni Muni had a profound understanding of the importance of language and literature, at the Missionaries of the great forces, permited carrying out in the dialect, alluded to a large number of ancient Indian folk tales , took the initiative to claim the application of analogy as a means of missionary work. Each part of Buddhism, rule, law, theory, and so on, has a deep imprint of Buddhism. The literary of Buddhism has had a profound impact on literature, art, folklore, languages of circulation districts. The rules have the most dense literary, previous studies are full. To make up for deficiencies in this regard this article puts the emphasis on the law and rules literary. The third Part is about Buddhism and the Six Dynasties poetry. Peak of poetry in the Tang Dynasty does not come without reason, the accumulation of the development of the Six Dynasties Poetry, prepares for the prosperity of Tang Dynasty. The establishment of phonological study of poetry is an important prerequisite for poetry change. Four-tone theory and the creation of Yong Ming body are inspired by the Buddhism. Six Dynasties poetry with its three main forms - Metaphysical poetry, landscape poetry, Gongti poetry, is linked with Buddhism in varying degrees. This section combines specific poets, focusing on their lives, friends, as well as literary thought, poetry writing, validates the influence of Buddhism on them. In this part most focus is put on of the impact of Buddhism on the landscape poems. It is also a more innovative point. First, it starts from the relationship of Buddhist spirits with the landscape, explores the inspiration of the condition of "world famous monks accounts for many landscapes" on the landscape poetry rise. Then from the theoretical perspective, it analyzes the impact of the Buddhist "Xujing Ideology" on aesthetic charm of the landscape. Then following the clue of the Xie family's Buddha fate of the landscape, analyzes the rise and development of landscape poetry. Finally comes the analysis of other major poets who believe in Buddhism on their landscape poems. Thereby it demonstrates a full view of the important role that Buddhism plays in the development of landscape poetry.The fourth part is about Buddhism and the Six Dynasty novels. The achievements of the Six Dynasties poets plus the phonological exploration of "four tones eight disease" in a after hundreds of years surprisingly gave birth to the most eye-catching the Tang Dynasty poetry in Chinese Literature, while, the prosperity of Tang Legend can not be separated from the accumulation of the Six Dynasties Fictions. With its two main forms of fiction - Zhiguai novel and Zhiren novel in the Six Dynasties period, there are both close relationship with the spreading of Buddhism, especially Zhiguai novel, whose structure and content are inspired by Buddhism. This section follows the clue of specific works, and analyzes in great depth one by one. First studying the life and friends of the author, exploring the Buddhist karma, then it one by one analyzes the Buddhist hidden factors hidden in the works separately. Finally some concrete concepts in the novel - Revenge, hell, belief in Goddess of Mercy are taken as examples and the macro-level analysis is conducted. Previous academic research on impact of Buddhism on the Zhiguai novel has received more concern, however 1 because the Zhiren novel is few and the impact of Buddhism is not evident, the research accomplishment is relatively not enough. The part provides additional analysis. So this could be a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of Buddhism on the Six Dynasties novels. We can conclude that there would be no prosperity of legend of the Tang Dynasty and the subsequent period without the accumulation of Zhiguai and Zhiren novel in Six Dynasties. The implant of Indian Buddhist factors provides an opportunity for the subsequent development of Chinese fictions.The fifth part concerns Buddhism and the Six Dynasties Literature aesthetic. First of all this part discuss the dialectical relationship of Buddhism and aesthetic, and then combined with a specific aesthetic category - inspiration, mood, round and beauty, mind, explores Buddhism's impact on the literary aesthetic. Finally combined with Liuxie's life and Buddhist beliefs, analyzes the influence of ancient Hetuvidya, Satyasiddhia, and Zhongdao view on the masterpiece "Wen Xin Diao Long". Compared to the poetry and fiction part, because of my study of literature, art and aesthetics is still not enough, so this part lacks innovation. In the future, when time is plentiful, I shall develop it further.In short, this article focuses on macro-level, conducts a parallel comparison between Buddhism and literature of the Six Dynasties, seeking for traces of the impact of Buddhism on literature and exploring the role of Buddhism in literature transition. However, because of the involvement in many areas, and the limits of my knowledge, although I am very strong-minded, I cannot cover all, thus earnestly expect the tutors' criticism.