Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia, Religious And Political Study

It was a striking phenomenon that the religious politics was rooted and flourishing in the history of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The ebb and flow between governmental religious politics and nongovernmental religious politics was a significant character of the history of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The expansion of governmental religious politics was a logical result of the development of centralized politics of the House of Suad. The sudden rise of nongovernmental religious politics was an inevitable product in the development of the modernization of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The paradoxical movements between governmental religious politics and nongovernmental religious politics, namely the bureaucratization of Wahhabi Islam after the foundation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the enhancement of the attachment of traditional religion forces, the rise of nongovernmental religious politics since the late 1970s and the trend to be pluralized of nongovernmental religious politics, became the historical path for the development of the religious politics of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The governmental religious politics made the sovereignty of the House of Suad legitimate, while the nongovernmental religious politics paved the way for people's extensive participation in politics.In the Pre-oil era, Wahhabi Islam as a revolutionary ideology, combining with the rule of the House of Saud, became a political tool of the House of Saud in transformation of the tribal society in the Arabian Peninsula, and the completion of the establishment of a unified nation. In the Oil era, accompanied by the replacement of the old economic order by the new economic order, and the ebb and flow between the old and the new social forces in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Wahhabi Islam underwent a profound fission. The governmental religious politics made the sovereignty of the House of Saud legitimate, while the nongovernmental religious politics paved the way for people's extensive participation in politics. The combination of economic and social reforms led by the House of Saud with the movement of political democratization launched by the nongovernmental religious political faction is the historical mode of modernization of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.The nongovernmental political oppositions in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia passed the stages from nationalism to modern Islamism. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, deep religious historical tradition and the rule mode combined religious authority with secular power decide nongovernmental religious political movement as the main form of civil movement. Modern Islamism including many elements of modern politics, using fundamentalism as its appearance, emphasize people's participation in politics and civil rights within the scope of Sharia. The development of modern Islamism marked the establishment of modern political culture and ideology in the form of nongovernmental religious politics. Modern Islamism covers the ideological foundation of modern society, such as social equality, political democracy and freedom of thought. The development of nongovernmental religious politics in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, reflect the expansion of the popular political mobilization political participation. The nongovernmental religious political movement is an important part of the political democratization of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The nongovernmental religious political forces are the backbone of the political democratization of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.