The Study On The Tongjinyintaifengbosi Of North Song Dynasty

Northern Song's Tongjinyintaifengbosi, was an important central authority before Song Shenzong Yuanfenggaizhi.It sent the officals'Zhangzou, issued the emperor's orders.It was a department from top to bottom, linking the emperor and the subjects, in the ancient Chinese political dissemination of information had an important place in history. Early Northern Song Dynasty, which replaced Geishizhong exercise refuting right, it was also a milestone in refuting system developing history of China. It was formed by central authority before Song Dynasty of the controlled information the evolution.Tongjinyintaifengbosi is also related to the early Song Dynast the political particularly Song Taizong characteristics of the political production.Tongjinyintaifengbosi was made up from the Department and the Secretary of the subsidiary bodies, Tongjinyintaifengbosi was Head office.the office was located in Xunhuibeiyuanting. Its subsidiary bodies were:1,Tongjinsi,it was responsible for the officals zouzhang that directly sent to the emperor.2,Yintaisi was responsible for the local Chenlao zouzhang transmitted toTongjinsi 3, Kanxiangyintaisiwenzisuo, mainly focused on local institutions into playing the instruments dropped into a review into whether the decision was, as well as the handling of documents, such as instruments.4, Fachisi was mainly responsible for the emperor ordered the release, and the instrument under review, registration. 5,Menxiafengbosi was subglottic Jishizhong inherit the functions of the Tang Dynasty, fortune letters refuting the imperial power to a certain extent bound by the role of institutions, to a certain extent, the emperor mistakes in decision-making on a proactive role.6,Jinzouyuan, in 1071(Song Shenzong Xining sinian),it is under Tongjinyintaifengbosi. It was responsible for uploading the document states issued, as well as political news and information dissemination.Information is the basis for decision making, and a correct decision to rely on accurate and timely information, accurate and timely information depends on the flowing office of information, so-Tongjinyintaifengbosi as the control of information, it was a very important position. Its main functions are:1,documents senting 2, the review of the documents instruments; 3, the confidentiality of the documents instrument functions; 4, the registration documents instruments, Backup, the classification, cataloguing, dengan written summary functions; 5, refuting functions; 6, the functions of Jian Zheng; 7, the supervisory functions. Especially from the document processing, it has included the document written summary, catalogues, registration and Backup, the review found, places to go, there is a certain useful for the development of the existing file system instruments. Tongjinyintaifengbosi owners of the above functions specific operation, making it became the important central instruments before the Northern Song Dynasty Yuanfenggaizhi.To the early Northern Song Dynasty political played an important role.Tongjinyintaifengbosi'Senior officials needed Above liangzhi officials Assumption. Before Yuanfenggaizhi,being as officials'order, Above liangzhi were those officials whose status were above Sansifushi, Daizhi and Jianyidaifu, these were the emperor's Jin Chen, they had played more important role in the political life of Song Dynasty. In addition to being above Liangzhi's order, Tongjinyintaifengbosi'Senior official should obey the Song Dynasty' Avoidance System,that is to say, they mustn't have the House or Marriage relatives with Erfu Zhizhengdachens,or they may have to evade. In the office, moreTongjinyintaifengbosi'Senior officials have part-time Executive Secretary, and the very broad level, but the most important part-time are four aspects:1, Quanxuanjigou;2, Hanlinxueshi and Zhizhigao; 3, Jingyan officers; 4,Jiuchazaijingxingyusi. Through part-time jobs, they expanded their powers, strengthened influence in the Imperial Court.Tongjinyintaifengbosi'Senior officials are often Zaifu's reserve officials, for their prominent status, they were senior official of the Imperial Court. In the representation of time, the near term, not full-time, the frequent replacement, which was an important feature of the service, to a certain extent, weakened the role of their functions. Tongjinyintaifengbosi was split by the Executive Secretary and the officials of the subsidiary bodies,among the early Northern Song Dynasty's central bodies,it belongs to such a department which officials are more and functions are more complex.As for their treatment of salary, include pension money, clothing thanks more opendings, Jianrenyiliang, utility money, the festive grant revenue items, and each one in several grades. Tongjinyintaifengbosi'officials constitute more complicated, their identities are very different levels, hence its salary income is more different, it was decided by the bureaucratic hierarchy of the Song Dynasty, was the feudal dynasties in the income hierarchy the concrete embodiment.considering Tongjinyintaifengbosi'historical status, it not only played a role of Connecting link between the preceding in the history of the refuting development of Ancient China and Information dissemination, but also was a product of ancient China Officials evolution of the system of long-term development. But there were limitations, mainly as follows:1,Its refuting right hasn't been implemented, there were interruptions, so the actual refuting role played is to a certain extent restricted; 2, despite Tongjinyintaifengbosi has its functions, the emperor and the prime minister sometimes damage refuting system so that the system can not play proper role; 3, because of part-time jobs and near term, Tongjinyintaifengbosi'Senior officials'responsibility was not strong, and had failed to effectively play its rightful role in refuting closure.4, in the bureaucratic interest groups' struggle, Tongjinyintaifengbosi'refuting right had often become a tool for party struggle, and losen its fairness of refuting.5, the contradictions between Tongjinyintaifengbosi'officials led to refuting right can not be effectively implemented. Refuting system is a system of self-regulation of an important system under absolute monarchy system, to a certain extent,it weakened the arbitrary monarchy damage,led to the making of political decision-making relative science, to a certain extent, has played a proactive role, but because of the supremacy of the power of absolute monarchy, exclusive and indivisible, in this system, the refuting role of Tongjinyintaifengbosi is limited, and this limitation is the inevitable result of the feudal autocratic monarchy.