| The Ruins of Subashi, which lies in the tablelands of west and east banks of River Kucha,20 km. southeast to the Kucha town, Aksu, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, is announced the 4th group national major preservation unit of cultural relics by China Government in 1996. As the great scale ruins of Buddhist culture now kept in Xinjiang, Subashi Temple was continue to use lasted for nearly one thousand years. It is a well-known in the famous Qiuci Kingdom along the Silk Road, one of the important cultural central of the West Region from Wei and Jin Dynasties to Tang and Song Dynasties, and played an important role in the cultural exchange between the East and the West. The old site possessed higher value of history, art, science and its architectural technique basically cover whole architectural ones of the different ancient earthen architectures, which is typical representative of ancient earthen architectures in China, even in the Central Asia. Because the conservation studies of the earthen sites in the north of Mt. Tian shan is still not very mature, the conservation practice of the Ruins of Subashi will apply good reference for the conservation of other earthen sites.From the viewpoint of rescue protection, according to the law of the People's Republic of China on the protection of cultural Relics(2002) and Principles for the Conservation of Heritage Sites in China (2004), the author applied the theories and methods of geology, stone-earth engineering science, environmental science, material science, architecture, history and archaeology, used the scientific instruments to study the engineering characteristic of the soil of sites and analyze the cause and mechanism of issues. Based these result, the laboratory and field test of protection technologies were carried under the guidance of the new principle of protection culture. Finally the method and means of protection for Subashi site were confirmed. The main conclusions are as followings:1. The author has checked the present situation of the ruins of Subashi Temple after investigated completely classification, location, forms, techniques and environment of architecture in the ruins. Then, he studied the mechanism of environment influencing on earthen ruins based on the relation of deterioration and classification, techniques and environment.2. The author has investigated the classification and location of deterioration, especially those in cliff, pagodas, Buddhist rooms, grottoes and tombs, analyzed the mechanism of deterioration, surveyed the elevation and draw the distributing map of deterioration.3. For guiding the conservation in the future, the author studied systematically the engineering and beam characters of earth in the ruins of Subashi by testing its physical, mechanics, chemical perform in laboratory and testing its beam by instrument on the spot.4. For supporting the reliable basic, the author did some comparative experiments of perform on intensity, anti-ageing, anti-wind erode between the clay and the earth which was reinforced by the PS material. At the same time, some experiments on the formula, sprinkling and dripping of PS, were done on the spot.5.The author analyzed the damage way and found the weak parts of architecture by using the technology of FLAC3D to imitate the deterioration.6.The author gave several conservation methods for Subashi site.
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