Emotion And The Study Of Law - Kant

Kant claimed that the main task of moral philosophy is to identify and establish the supreme principle of morality, while the attempt of former philosophers for this principle failed, because they were always searching for it from their objects. Kant searched firstly for the principle from man's own reason; finally he established the moral law which was universal and certain. We can say that Kant successfully launched a "Copernican revolution." in the field of moral philosophy. This thesis chooses feeling as a starting point to explain how Kant demonstrated the possibility and practicability of the moral law.This thesis is divided into five chapters:The first chapter is to demonstrate the contribution of Kant's "Copernican revolution", based on reorganizing the research findings of predecessors and Kant; Chapterâ…¡analyzes the relations between the moral law and natural feeling; The third chapter analyzes the relations between the moral law and moral feeling; The fourth chapter is a summary about the relationship between moral law and the feelings, which seeks to point out the causes of their tangled relationship; The last chapter predicts the future of the moral law summing up the Sport Germany later years, based on summarizing the evolution of Kant's later moral philosophy.The first chapter chooses the question "how feeling can influence the moral behavior of people" as a starting point. I divide former predecessors into rationalism and emotionalism, based on reorganizing their research findings. The common defects of both factions represent on lacking of adequate and systematic research of feeling, their attitude of dealing with the problem appear too absolutely, so they failed to establish the principle. Then Kant proposed a new, subversive moral philosophy after a long period of deliberation. Kant's success of forming his formalism ethics was due to establishing the supreme, pure principle.The second Chapter mainly discusses the relationship between the natural feeling and the moral law:This chapter first defines the concept of the moral law and the feeling. Then lead the inference process of moral law based on Discrimination of these concepts. This chapter Specifically explains how Kant distinguishes the moral law from several theorems, and describes the definition, characteristics and formulas of the moral law, which established theoretical basis for later discussion; Then began to demonstrate the possibility of the moral law.Kant pointed out that the key to solving this problem is the free, because free people can be independent of empirical factors such as natural feeling, and they regard the reason as the only grounds of will, which guarantees the purity and the necessity of the moral law, then it can be based on the metaphysical field; Finally, we stress the need to understand correctly of Kant's natural feeling, avoiding unnecessary misunderstanding.The third chapter mainly demonstrates the relationship between the moral law and moral feeling:Kant had to face a issue, i.e. how can we apply the moral law into real life, that is the feasibility of moral law. In fact, the key point of this problem lies in whether the moral law can affect real lives. Kant made some initial responses to this issue, although these responses helped to clarify people's misunderstanding, but they didn't solve the problem completely.So Kant guide the concept of moral feeling. Then, Kant Analyze the content, nature, category of moral feeling, which was a very special thing. The moral feeling plays an important role in Kant's moral philosophy. Kant steed the moral feeling as the power of practical reason, and made three great moral postulate to encourage people to pursue morality, also developed the methodology outline of practical reason, these measures were to solve the feasibility of moral law. All this reflects Kant's attention to the application of moral law, but also reflects the difficulty of solving this problem.The fourth Chapter is a summary of the tangled relationship between the feelings and the moral law:this Chapter firstly demonstrates Kant's dualism. Kant pointed out that the duality of matters world and person, which is the main cause for tangled relationship between the feelings and the moral law; Then discusses how Kant deled with feelings carefully, he not only adhered to determine the boundary between natural feeling and moral law, but admitted the complementary relations between moral feeling and moral law, which essentially reflects the relationship between freedom and necessity; finally we pointed out the dilemma of the moral law. Although Kant's dualism was true in logic, but it produced a number of difficult issues, including the gap between the moral law and the reality, the absolute tendency to deal with feeling issues. These problems should be readjusted and improved in the future.The fifth chapter is to predict the future of the moral law:this chapter firstly overviews Hegel, Schopenhauer, Adorner's critiques of Kant, their main criticism focused on the actual effect, general nature of moral law and the attitude to feeling. Kant's moral philosophy can draw some beneficial elements from these critical theories to assure the moral law more robust; Facing these criticism, Kant chose to preserve most opinions. Of course, Kant is not a complacent person, although he stocked to the main content of moral philosophy, but also made some changes about exploring the applicability of moral law as a positive response to the criticism; Finally Kant pointed out that the future development of moral law, which would tend to the religion and anthropology. Kant also advocated the people united together to form a good global citizen organizations.