Construction Of Acute Stress Response Scale And Empirical Analysis

Traumatic events are becoming more and more in modern society, and their influences are becoming more and more prevalent. People under stress or in traumatic situations can have a series symptom, including physiological and psychological, which are called as acute stress response. Because of the complexity and unstableness of acute stress response, there are few studies on it. And for many people the symptoms can be reduced and diliminated with time. As a result, the major resources were put into the studies of prevention and treatment of PTSD. And there is an important reason for the underdevelopment of discussion of acute stress response being lack of special measurement for valid and systematic evaluation.In this study, an Acute Stress Response Scale was constructed based on the literature review and interview of psychological specialists, who had provided psychological help for the people affected by 5.12 earthquake. And the scale was developed in order to provide bases for related studies and psychological intervene. At first, our group came to conclusion for the main dimentions and symptoms of acute stress response, and then discussed the definitions of these dimentions and symptoms. Based on these definitions, some post-graduates of psychology compiled the original items for the scale. Then professors of psychology discussed and revised these items twice, and formed the original Acute Stress Response Scale. Then this scale was used to investigate freshmen of some military high school, rescuers of 5.12 earthquake, and military personnel who attended overload physical training, in order to test the reliabilities and validities. According to the revisement of the scale, it has achieved the standards of psychological measurement with good reliability and validity. And it can be used to measure acute stress response with reliable and valid results.Conclusions below were achieved in this study:(1) People in acute stress conditions can have actue stress response, mainly including changes of cognition, responses of emotion, physical responses, changes of behaviors, pathopsychological symptoms, and changes of working efficiency.(2) Acute Stress Response Scale can satisfy the requirements of psychological measurement with good reliability and validity. And it can reflect the symptoms and degree of acute stress response reliably and validly.(3) The main dimentions of acute stress response can be reduced to one higher factor, which reflected the overall degree of actue stress response.(4) Rescuers could have acute stress response, and the main manifestation were changes of cognition, including memory, attention, decision making and orientation abilities. And the most important of the symptoms were anxiety and obessety.(5) Factors related with positive meanings of the mission could buffer the acute stress response for rescuers, reducing the symptoms. Factors related with the psychological trauma of the disaster could be risk factors, worsing the responses. As for factors related with loss of relatives and friends, some could be risk factors and others could make no significant influences on the responses. As a result, when it came to psychological intervention for rescuers, attention should be paid to positive meaning of the mission, and impact of psychological trauma should be diliminated.