On The Civil Society's Construction In China From The Sight Of Karl Marx's Civic Society Theory

The reform and open policies have caused our economic force sustained growth, but has also brought a series of serious social questions. This shows the realistic contradiction brought by China's paying great attention to the economic development one-sidedly and neglecting the civil society's construction. Only taking to construct the civil society and forming the balance structure among the country, the economy and the civil society, could we solve the contradiction at present.The Marx's civil society theory is the guiding principle in our civil society construction. Marx's civil society theory was critically inherited from the classical civil society thought and Hegel's civil society theory. Marx has carried on the thorough exploration to the civil society theory by his speculation wisdom and profound reality concern. Thus he formed his modern civil society theory oriented the value of "supreme society". Marx has carried on the explanation to the capitalism civil society from three dimensions. By the philosophy critique, he has obtained the judgment of "the civil society decides the political country"; By the economical annotation, he has obtained the judgment of "the civil society is the alienation society"; By the historical sublimation, he has constructed the realistic foundation of historical materialism with civil society theory. After Marx, Western Marxists have enriched and developed Marx's civil society theory. In the present research of Marx's civil society theory, we should profit from the west Marxism "trichotomy-sight", surmount the traditional understanding that Marx's civil society only means economical relations, so that we could inquire the significance of Marx's civil society in the social domain, and find the conjunction spot between it and our national condition, in order to cause it to play the instruction role in our social construction.Commodity economy's development is the internal premise of the civil society's rising. The traditional China's natural economy was the economic basis of the feudalism patriarchal society, which lacked the intrinsic mechanism bringing about the civil society. After Opium War, the commersial economy's development and social life's vicissitude, the industry and commerce social stratum's production and development, as well as all kinds of social group's establishment, have prepared the condition for our civil society's production. The modern China's social nature had decided the modern China's civil society is "the third realm"(Huang Zong-zhi) influenced by the state and society, the industry and commerce social stratum was the leading force in modern China's civil society, The western and Chinese ideology was the valid foundation of modern China's civil society. Such civil society had still played certain positive role in the political participation, public utility and social autonomous. But, the social nature of modern China had decided that we could not know the civil society thoroughly only from the sight of political system and social culture. Only with Marx's method of class analysis, from the sight of Marx's civil society theory, could we explain the civil society's class nature clearly in modern China. The civil society in modern China was still the economical relations of capitalism. It could not grow into the autonomous strength in social life.After reform and open policy, the research formula of "civil society" in Chinese academic circle was transformed into "resident society". Our civil society was turned up in the course of planned economy transforming into the commersial economy, following awakening of the people's benefit idea and citizen realization, under the vicissitude of our system and the globle civil society. These civil organizations were enlivening in the domains of industry and commerce, education, health, science and technology, environmental protection and so on. They were displaying the functions of trade management and social auto administration. But, as a result of traditional system, the social organizations had many questions in management and service. After the Party's16th Congress, the Party has clearly understood the importance of social construct. The government advanced the social construct vigorously. They have provided the good social basis for our civil society's development. Constrained by the traditional statism model, our social construct was still followed the government-leading pattern, in order to reform the society by the top-down strength. This was very different from Marx's civil society theory. The theory difficult position of our civil society's construct is that how to maintain the government-leading situation to the society, and how to give the independent development space to the society. According to the economic, social and political reforms, the scholars have proposed that feasible way to construct civil society would be "the benign interaction" between the government and the civil society. This way has surmounted Marx's civil society theory, and abandoned the western liberalism research model. Thus, it broke through the theory difficult position of the civil society construct.Although The Party's and the government's social constructions have provided good opportunities for China's civil society, but this kind of top-down advancing pattern is inconsistent with Marx's society ideal from bottom to top which is "the residential society decided political country". Therefore, only Chinesenize Marx's resident social pattern, could we explain the theory difficult position which China civil society has met at present. Basing on the reality of Chinese government's leading social development, the scholars have proposed the "benign interaction" pattern between the civil society and the country, thus they have solved the realistic question of how to grow the weak civil society under the national might and the economical strength. Marx's idea of "the residential society decided the political country" is the ultimate value of the civil society's development. The "benign interaction" pattern between the civil society and the country is the middle link of the approach to Marx's society ideal, which is suitable and feasible for our civil society's construction. The theoretical transformation from "the decision pattern" to "the interactive pattern" is the theory achievement of Marx's resident society theory's Chinesenization. How to realize "benign interaction" between the civil society and the state is the research difficulty of academic circle, and also the construct crux of our civil society. Only construct the bilateral coupling mechanism, the operational mechanism, the safeguard mechanism and the appraisal mechanism according to the civil society and the state's movement characteristics, could we form the two sides'"benign interaction", so as to impel our civil society's construct.According to the "benign interaction" pattern between the civil society and the political country, our civil society's construction must begin with two aspects, and pay special attention to four ways. First, beginning with the top-down sight, we should strengthen the government's social function and the enterprise's community responsibility, so as to cultivate the leading force of "benign interaction"; Second, beginning with the sight from bottom to top,we should correct social organization's alienation, cultivate the citizen's independent consciousness, so as to ram the social basis "benign interaction". Only completed these work, could our civil society obtain healthy development, could we advance China's social modernization.