| Over its 20 years of reform and opening up,China's economy has developed tremendously. One notable aspect of this development is that the greater the degree of openness,the greater the degree of inter-independency between the national economy and exports,and the greater the contribution of exports towards boosting the economy. These factors can be attributed to the successful implementation over the last 20 years of a series of economic policies to support exports.The author's analysis of the trends in China's instituting of export-oriented policies reveals that financial measures have formed a major,indeed indispensable part of any policy designed to boost exports. Whether such measures concerned the areas of tariffs,taxation,expenditure or subsidies,or any mixture of financial and other measures,they formed a natural combination within an integrated foreign trade policy that worked to encourage or depress China's export development.However,now that China has become a member of the WTO,the questions as to whether financial policies can still be applied as part of the armoury to encourage exports,and if so how,should still be the subjects of debate and research,at both the theoretical and practical levels. For some time now,it has commonly been held that,following accession into the WTO,there should be a level playing-field between China's exporters and their counterparts world-wide,and that no government act or financial support policy should favour domestic exports.In view of this,it would seem entirely appropriate both to deepen and to hone China's theory in the field of export-promotion by analysing systematically the effects on exports of the various financial levers that can be used for export-promotion,by making a comparison of the export-promoting policies used by other countries around the world,and by summing up our experience here in China of the application of financial policies over the past 20 years. Such research would lead to the identification of the best financial solutions that can be used to boost exports in the circumstances that follow from China's being a member of the WTO while still meeting the requirements of the socialist economy.This thesis presents the results of such a systematic research programme. It is divided into 3 sections,with a total of 10 chapters.The first section covers basic theory. Chapter one explains the necessity and practical importance of research into the relationship between financial policies and exports. The chapter also defines the scope of the research,methodology and various underlying concepts. Chapter Two analyses economic theories on export-promotion. It describes from a theoretical viewpoint,various principles applied by countries around the world in developing their policies. These theories ranging from traditional Protectionism,or Mercantilism,via the neo-mercantilist theories of John Maynard Keynes,through to current strategic international trade theories,all advocategovernment intervention to boost exports while positively supporting international trade. Chapter Three explores the general economic relationships which exist between financial policies and exports,including the relationship between financial policies and economic targets,between tariff and taxation policies and exports,and between government expenditure and exports. The chapter establishes that,although foreign trade policies and financial policies are two different categories of economic policy,financial policies always have a fundamental relationship to foreign trade policies and perform a function which cannot be replaced by any other economic lever.The second part of this thesis,consisting of four chapters,compares the export-promotion policies of the USA,Japan,the EU and a number of new and developing countries. The USA is a typical practitioner of a strategic international trade policy and its financial policies for the promotion of exports has been established over the last 10 years. Japan was the first country to develop such export-oriented financial polici...
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