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The Historic-ecological Research On The Public Administrative Value Systems

Posted on:2005-09-19Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:S X ChenFull Text:PDF
GTID:1116360182465810Subject:Political Theory
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What is the Value? Is it able to be a subject to be systematically and scientifically studied? As about these topics, there exist all kinds of points that are quite different in the current inside and outside schools. Generally speaking, there are three kinds of different interpreting ways. And correspondingly, there exist three kinds of Value theories such as Subjective-value theories, Objective-value theories, and Subject-object-relation-value theories. Comparatively, the popular points are the value-not-to-be-known views. However, the Subject-object-relation-value theories do think that the Value take place during the social practice process and it is something about relations that to be objective, historical, and multiplex. So it is this kind of theory that do think the Value to be something able to be known. Since the main idea of the thesis is to study the Value, the Subject-object-relation-value theory paves the base for the research. According to the theory, the Value is some kind of positive or negative relations between the needs of the peculiar value subject and the characteristics of the value object. So, Correspondingly, the Public administrative value (PAV) is such kind of positive or negative relations between the needs of the peculiar PAV subject and the characteristics of the PAV object, which takes place during the social public administration practice process.Whichever philosophy just holds up one mirror of the present As a branch of Public administrative philosophy, the PAV studies could never get astray from the PAV practices. Generally, the Western PAV research has experienced three developing stages. Firstly, based on the theoretical premise of politcs-administration dichotomy, what the early administration scholars have been insisting on is some kind of personalistic Subjective-value theory. According to the point, public administration has nothing to do with the value, and the value research been exclused from the Public administration studies. Secondly, all through the new Classic period, no matter how different are they in the research scope and emphasis, both the limited-rationality theory of Herbert Simon and the Public choice theories insists on the Value-fact dichotomy and the personalistic Subjective-value views, while almost all of them persist in the fact that Politics and Administration couldn't be divided. Based on these points, they all do not think that Value studies be in the domain of Public Administration. As the New Public Management Movement (NPMM) and its theories continue to insist on all these points, they belong tothe new Classical theories series, too. At the same time, the expanding of the Public administrative departments and its discretions has resulted in the so-called New Public Administration Movement (NPAM). Among the theory movement, either the New Public Administration or the Administrative Ethics puts great importance on the ethics and value studies, especially on the reality and research of the public interests and values. First of all, with the Administrative Ethics being the centra part of the western Public Administration, the subject of ethics and values has become the core one of its. However, every theory about the NPAM still emphasizes the subjectivism of value, thinking that the identity of the value is one of the subjective processs. In short, the PAV study has been ranked among the scope of the western Public Administration schools. However, what they insist on is one kind of Subjective-value points, which regards the PAV as the administrative value demands or the PAV views, even as the basic public administrative ultimate aim systems. So does the domestic Public Administration School. They are both on the starting point of the PAV studies. It is this point that results in one of the important defaults in the Public Administrative philosophy studies. Even so, the question about value has been being one of the inevitable subject matter, and it is indispensable for its research both in theory and in practice.The Administrative Ecology is one kind of Public Administration theories, which mainly studies the interaction relations between the administrative behaviors and its environments. According to its basic principles, as an orgnic systems, the PAV must maintain one kind of dynamic balancing relations with its environment. The research on the peculiar PAV systems includes such structure studies as of the internal and environmental structures. First of all, the PAV systems' component structure means the type stucture and it's distribution characteristics. However, only through one parameter systems including several crucial parameters can we analyze the component structure efficiently. In fact, the thesis uses the public administration products or functions as the parameter systems. Generally, there are four kinds of public administrative functions such as the national security & political order maintaining function, economic-cultural order & development function, social public and welfare goods supplying function, and the administrative systems' integrating & maintaining function. Accordingly, the PAV systems' general ingredients include such four kinds of values as the national security & political order maintaining value, economic-cultural order & development value, social equity value, and the administrative systems' improving value. On the other hand, theecological analysis of the particular PAV systems must include the research on the much higher systems' mechanism, which is composed by the interaction between the PAV systems and it's environment. Only by the research can we get a good understanding of the evolvement of the PAV systems and it's internal structure. At the same time, the nature of the systems' evolvement is to realize the dynamic balancing relation between they and their environments. In short, the PAV systems' evolving process is an adaptive balancing one.To construct the research framework, the thesis issue in a hypothesis that the PAV systems have a historic-periodic characteristics. The characteristic means there exists such a PAV systems' declination to which the systems' ingredients' evolving process show some periodic characteristic while the systems and it's environment have enough historic width. Based on this hypothesis, in order to hold a regular study on the peculiar PAV systems' long-time evolving process, integrating the Administrative Ecology and the hypothesis, the thesis issues in one new Public Administration approach -historic-ecologic approach. Based on the approach's internal characteristics and the thesis' research aims, the basic framework of this thesis runs as follows, taking the American Central Government's PAV systems as the study's typical object, with an empirical analysis, while prove the several basic hypothesis, the thesis tries to find out the value-forming mechanism and it's originating mechanism, then to pave the way for the theory conclusion in theory and in practice.First of all, the case study on the American Central Government's PAV systems needs to describe and analyze the ingredient structure's distribution characteristics and evolving process. However, as one kind of relations, being difficult to be empirically studied directly, the PAV study needs a substitutive study through some parameter systems. So the establishment & its structure and the public financial output scale & it's structure constitute the two basic parameters of the research. The study discloses that both the establishment & its structure and the public financial output scale & it's structure of the American Central Government present a periodic declination during their historic evolving process. In short, the American Central Government's PAV systems' internal structure has experienced a value-core transition process in turn. At the same time, the research discloses that both the PAV systems' component parts and it's scale sum has experienced a limited accumulating process.When the PAV systems' historical evolving process is also one kind ofhistoric-ecological process, the probe into its originating mechanism need a concrete analysis of the systems' historic-ecological process. The so-called ecological process is one kind of originating process in which the specific PAV systems' structure takes shape while interacting with its environment. So it is necessary to analyze the environment's effects on the systems and the interaction between the systems and its environment. Then, the next main context of the case study on the American Central Government's PAV systems consists in the concrete analysis of the specific systems' ecological-originating process. And the study indicates both the systems' structure forms and their parameter systems evolve in an adaptive interacting way.Generally, the PAV systems' ecological-originating mechanism is just an aggregation constituted by all kinds of channels, approaches, measures and their corresponding institutions, through which the systems' every component part help to bring about both the specific PAV and even the whole PAV systems while they interacting each other in some peculiar environment. That is to say, the PAV systems' ecological-originating mechanism consists in the systems' ecological-originating structure, approaches and their respective moving principles. First of all, the PAV's ecological-originating structure is one mixed structure form, which consists in the micro-structure and macro-structure. And the research shows that the respective PAV micro-structure do not exist in the PAV systems' evolving practice and the concrete PAV process is just one kind of theoretical hypothesis. It also indicates that each concrete PAV takes form and evolves while interacting with other kind of PAV's originating process. Accordingly, in order to ascertain some specific PAV's originating reality, it is necessary for us to analyze real originating process of the whole PAV systems to which the PAV belongs.The PAV systems' originating channels are the aggregation of all kinds of real channels, approaches and measures, through which the systems' originating structure and process takes shape. They can be divided into two basic types such as the formal and the informal one. The formal one is composed by all kinds of legitimate originating channels while the informal one being composed by all kinds of illegitimate channels. As the PAV is one kind of relations, the informal channels exist just in the starting and the last stage of the systems' originating process. However, the existing of the informal channels is objective in practice while being rational and legitimate in theory. It is one kind of essential complement of the formal channels.Finally, we can draw several crucial conclusive principles as follows, (1) The PAV's originating process is one objective social process; (2) The PAV's originating process is one kind of limited historic-periodic evolving process; (3) The PAV's originating process is one integral and systematic process; (4) The PAV's originating process is one adaptive ecological balancing process; In addition, based on the empirical analysis of the American Central Government's PAV systems' historic-ecological originating process, we can also get some advantageous experienced measures such as the muitiplicity and completeness of PAV's originating channels, the legitimatising principles of the PAV's originating process and its channels, the incrementalistic developing model, and so forth.
Keywords/Search Tags:public administrative value (PAV) systems, historic-ecological approach, originating mechanism, historic and periodic characteristic
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