Studies On The Diplomatic Thought Of Jiang Zemin

During the 13 years from 1989 to 2002, against the background of ever-changing international trend and numerous and complicated diplomatic practice, the third-generation central collective leadership at the cord of Jiang Zemin have creatively inherited and developed the former diplomatic thought. Standing on the front line of the times and looking forward to the future and the whole world, the third-generation leadership have put forward a series of diplomatic policies and guidelines to exploit a brand new world in the theories of China's diplomatism.Jiang Zemin is good at absorbing essences from philosophers, politicians and diplomats from both home and abroad and develops creatively them into new theories based on China's diplomatic practice. In brief, the origin of Jiang Zemin's diplomatic thoughts contains such four aspects as the Chinese traditional cultural philosophy of peace, modern Western diplomatic theories, diplomatic theories of Marxism and Leninism as well as China's diplomatic thoughts. Among the four aspects, Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thought (mainly the diplomatic thought since the foundation of new China) makes the essential part and theoretical origin of Jiang Zemin's diplomatic thought. Jiang Zemin's contribution lies in further perfecting and reifiering Deng Xiaoping's diplomatic thought and thus giving new meaning to it.Jiang Zemin's diplomatic thought covers a wide range of content, among which the general judgement of the basic trend of the present world is the philosophical basis and logical origin of his diplomatic thought. As a matter of fact, his other diplomatic thoughts all develop from this. His general judgement of the basic trend of the present world refers to his understanding and judgement of the general trend of our modern world and its basic features, including conception of the Times based on peace and development, global conception of world economy, the conception of multi-polarization world pattern and variety and the conception of countries depending on each other for existence.Based on the scientific judgement and correct understanding of the present world general trend and development, Jiang Zemin put forward a series of important international strategy and policies, established in China's diplomatic practice. This is the core part of his diplomatic thought, including democratization of international relations, the conception of international order, new view on security, international human rights and anti-terrorism. Besides, he also put forward some important guidelines and principles such as China's unification, opening to the outside world, party diplomacy, etc, on the basis of China's real diplomatic practice. These guidelines and principles are also important parts in Jiang Zemin's thought.Under the guidance of Jiang Zemin's diplomatic thought, China witnessed great achievements in her diplomacy. In the past 13 years, China's international position has improved greatly and China's international image has been appreciated all over the world. A new cross-century multi-facet diplomatic pattern has been established, i.e. emphasis on establishing diplomatic relation with big countries and rely on establishing diplomatic relation with neighbouring ones; basis on establishing diplomatic relation with developing countries and multi- lateral diplomacy.Diplomacy in every epoch has its own features. So does different diplomats and politicians. Jiang Zemin's diplomatic thoughts develop on the basis of the former diplomatic thoughts. However, it is still have some tinge of post cold war characteristics. Compared with Mao Zedong's revolutionary diplomatic thoughts and Deng Xiaoping's modest diplomatic thoughts, Jiang Zemin's in the post cold war takes on some distinct features such as "seek for the common and retain the difference" and "fully participating in politics". Meanwhile, 13 years diplomatic practice also helps to shape Jiang Zemin's unprecedented diplomatic style, i.e. frequently having summit diplomacy and focusing on cultural information in China's diplomacy.In brief, Jiang Zemin has made some innovation and breakthrough in diplomatic thoughts on the basis of former theory and in combination of new diplomatic practices.It was Jiang Zemin who made the first definition in China's diplomatic policies. For the first time in new China's diplomacy, anti-hegemony is excluded from the three historical tasks. To put in another way, anti-hegemony was out of date and defending world peace and promoting common development is more prevailing in the present world. This provides basic principles for China's development toward a higher level of a well-off society.Jiang Zemin discusses systematically the framework of new world order from political, economic, cultural and safe aspects. He develops Deng Xiaoping's two-aspect framework into four. Based on post cold war world security situation, he puts forward new concept of security, i.e. mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination. This is one of his greatest contribution. In addition, Jiang Zemin develops Confucius ideology on difference into a brand new diplomatic theory to guide diplomacy between nations and cultures. His various creative thoughts mainly absorb the essences from different civilization and cultural systems, reinforcing in competition and seek for the common and retain the difference in development. On the basis of all these, Jiang Zemin also puts forward international democratic thought and emphasizes equal negotiation in dealing with international affairs. Based on political change after the cold war, Jiang Zemin puts forward strategic thought of fellowship, referring to Deng Xiaoping's nonalignment thought. This thought focuses on nonalignment, nonantagonization and non-aiming at the third country. After 9.11 incident, he also puts forward a series of anti-terrorism thoughts, as a guide to improve the Sino-American relationship and mutual development. Besides, Jiang Zemin also puts forward mutual reliance, which guides to insist on China's opening to the outside world. Meanwhile, Jiang Zemin also puts equal emphasis on broadening our sight to know this world and make the world to know more about China. The success of Beijing hosting 2008 Olympic Games and Shanghai applying for 2010 Exhibition proves that China is getting involved in international affairs and makes other countries know her importance. Jiang Zemin's diplomatic theories enrich the field of China's diplomacy, adding new vitality to new China's diplomacy.