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Buy "Peace": US Economic Assistance To North Korea After Cold War

Posted on:2009-10-12Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:Y Y YanFull Text:PDF
GTID:1116360272958845Subject:International politics
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This paper analyzes the US policy towards the North Korea from the perspective of foreign aids. It first describes the theoretic foundation and historical practices of the US foreign aids. According to the needs of research, the author starts with the time of the Post-Cold War era and focuses on the North Korea as the target of research. First, this paper describes the process of the making and fulfillment of the US' economic aids policy towards the North Korea. Then it summarizes the pattern, causes and plight of the US' economic aids policy towards the North Korea. Finally, the author evaluates the performance of the US' economic aids policy towards the North Korea and predicts its future development trends.The US' economic aids policy towards the North Korea consists of three parts: food aids, energy aids and reduction of economic sanctions. From the year of 1996 to the eruption of the North Korea Nuclear Crisis in 2002, the US had provided to the North Korea 1.91 million tons of food, which values 600 million dollars. 90% of these foods were distributed in the North Korea by WFP. The US provided the North Korea with these foods partly because of the humanitarian motivation but largely due to the need of making a deal. The US' energy aids to the North Korea chiefly realized through the Framework Agreement. By the end of 2003 when KEDO was halted, the American government had provided through KEDO 400 million dollars energy aids to the North Korea, which were mainly used to set up 2 light-water reactors, offer 0.5 million of heavy oil and pay for the administration costs of KEDO. Although the Framework Agreement designates that the US and the North Korea would make efforts to normalize the political and economic relations between the two countries, including the reduction of the US' economic sanctions imposed on the North Korea, due to the mutual suspicions, the US had taken very limited measures to lessen its sanctions on the North Korea. The US had only reduced its sanctions respectively in 1995 and 1999, which were more symbolic than substantive.The biggest achievement of the US policy of the economic aids to the North Korea is the acquisition of the commitment of the North Korea to discard temporarily the nuclear development program through the pattern of buying peace. Thus, the peace of the North Korea peninsula could be maintained for the time being. In addition, the US policy of the economic aids to the North Korea had the "overflowing" effect on the south and north Korea relationship and promoted the opening and reform of the North Korea to the outside world. When the second North Korea Nuclear Crisis erupted, the junior Bush declared at the very beginning that the US' basic stance on the second North Korea Nuclear Crisis was "no negotiation, no deal". But influenced by the Iraq War and pressured by China, the South Korea and the Russia, the US was forced to start again the negotiation of making deal with the North Korea. On 12 Feb, 2007, the Six-Party Talks reached the Joint Agreement of the third session of the fifth round of the Six-Party Talks. This document designates that during the staring operation stage and next stage, the North Korea would declare all of its nuclear programs and disable all of its nuclear facilities, including its graphite moderated reactors and disposal factories; the US would provide to the North Korea economic, energy and humanitarian aids, which equals to 1 million of heavy oils, including the first round of aids of 50 thousand of heavy oils. Obviously the future US policy of economic aids to the North Korea will proceed in ups and downs.
Keywords/Search Tags:the US, the North Korea, Economic Aids
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