Research On The Effect Of Higher Education Shunt To Social Stratification Mobility

Higher education shunt refers to a purposeful, planned, discriminating activity for higher education shunt body to train high-level personnel according to county and social development needs and possible, shunt object wishes and conditions, which is implemented by the shunt operating agency; social stratification mobility refers to a mobility condition for communitarians in a certain social structure moving from one position to another position, from one class to another class status in social relation space. As the social structure is becoming more open and the function of higher education is increasingly conspicuous in modern society, deep research on the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility is not only the practical needs of the times and the society, but also the subjective demand of higher education and higher education study, it will help to achieve the effect of higher education rational shunt to social reasonable stratification mobility. Finally it will prompt to build our harmonious interaction system between higher education shunt and social stratification mobility.This research regards building a harmonious society in China in the new century as background, regards the existed correlative theories on higher education shunt and social stratification mobility as foundation, diverts in an inherent connection of higher education shunt and social stratification mobility. Then it starts thinking along "theory discussion--situation analysis -- experience abstract-countermeasure suggestion" centering on the theme of "the effect on higher education shunt to social stratification mobility". In addition to introduction, this thesis includes four parts.The first part, which is the second chapter, discusses the related theories about researches on the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility. Based on defining about some basic concepts such as "higher education shunt", "social stratification mobility" and others as well as clarifying about some theoretical basis such as "theory of higher education shunt", "theory of social stratification mobility" and so forth, the chapter explores chiefly the basic theories and the key research orientations about the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility. Studies suggest that the relationship between higher education shunt and social stratification mobility is interactive, it has some basic characteristics such as individuality and groupment, subjectivity and objectivity, ascription and attainment, naturality and sociality, opposition and unity; the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility is one just one side of this relationship. According to the activity process and its structure, the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility includes the following four connotations:the effect of qualifications, the effect of process, the effect of results and the effect of prospects. According to the main elements and its structural relationship, higher education reasonable shunt has five distinctive characteristics such as the integrated goal, the rational base, the coordinated proportion, the appropriate opportunity and the diversity of the implementation; social reasonable stratification mobility also has five major characteristics, which contains the overall development of individuals, the ordered change of the social classes, the promising development of the social organizations, the sound and effective sequence of society rules, and the stable progress of the social systems. According to the process evolution and the development direction, "history-gradualness" law, "individual - group" law and "distinctness -- norm" are the three major laws on the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility. The research on the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility will make the higher education, society and human as the objects and a logical starting point, and will carry out the analysis from eight dimensions of higher education shunt (i.e. shunt source, shunt amount, shunt level, shunt type, shunt region, shunt orientation, shunt quality and shunt speed) with the aim of prompting harmonious development of society and higher education.The second part, which is the third chapter, analyses the present situation of the effect on China's higher education shunt to social stratification mobility. This chapter takes H province as an example, through investigation and study, it is thought that our higher education shunt has made great achievements in the process affecting social stratification mobility. The research shows, in shunt sources, the persons from the lower level such as villages and towns, low-income families, low-level parental occupations and low-educated parents get more upward mobility positions and will have more upward mobility opportunities after. receiving the higher education; in shunt amounts, the number of persons with higher education background increased yearly, in-service personnel are being replaced or enriched by a large number of college and university graduates; in shunt levels, higher education at different levels colleges and universities as well as different levels of education has brought up a lot of personnel for social needs; in shunt types, members of society get access to occupational positions and upward mobility through the full-time college and university education; in shunt regions, the graduates from the institutions of higher education base on the region of learning to realize the employment, and form the differentiated basic order of social mobility in accordance with regional differences about the colleges; in shunt orientations, college and university graduates from management, science, engineering, agriculture, economics and other disciplines become the main force of economic and social construction, and demonstrate their strengths and weaknesses in accordance with different needs in the social stratification mobility; in shunt qualities, the academic excellence and good graduates become the main members into the various regions, occupations and income level groups; in shunt speeds, the academic durations of junior college, university and graduate school has played a positive effect on social stratification mobility and formed the graduates with a bachelor's degree as the main workforce. There are still many problems in the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility. In shunt sources, the chance of social members from the middle-income and lower-class families with access to higher education is gradually reduced, the function of higher education promoting the middle and lower-class members of society upward tends to decline; in shunt amounts, the proportion of students enrolled in higher education in the same ages is still small, the proportion of population with higher education diploma in our country is still low; in shunt levels, the flow of college and university students is difficult among higher educations at different levels and among higher institutions at different levels, moreover, the transferring on further study after graduation has many restrictions; in shunt types, the over-emphasis on full-time regular higher education and ignoring the non-full-time higher education led to the poor circulation between various forms of education; in shunt regions, the serious geographical partition and more distinct regional level impeded the free mobility; in shunt orientations, the setting of professional subject is out of touch with the needs of society, human dislocation and professional waste is more common; in shunt qualities, the college and university students usually put more attention on science than art, on marks than ability, on knowledge than application as well as other drawbacks, it has affected the effect of social stratification mobility; in shunt speeds, the period of learning in school is too long and not flexible, the scalability education system is not universal in application and its stretching is not strong, it has slowed the pace of the social stratification mobility. The problems about the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility mentioned above have deep roots. Not only the influence from governmental system policies and social culture atmosphere, but also the action of higher education shunt behaviors and student's employment pursuits, led to the problems.The third part is the experience from the effect of foreign higher education shunt to social stratification mobility, constituted by the fourth chapter. The chapter selects the United States, Britain, and Germany as the case study, analyzes the successful experience from foreign higher education shunt affecting social stratification mobility. Studies suggest that in the process, the U.S. federal government made laws and policies to promote, higher education shunt took into account the quality and amount, social groups together promoted consciously, college and university students are actively employed; in the United Kingdom, the federal government regulated laws and policies, higher education shunt emphasized the equal of internal and external, social organizations made gradually and timely participation, college students got employed with outside help; in Germany, the federal government gave legal policy guidance, higher education shunt carried out with two-stage complementary each other, the community worked closely to promote, college and university students participated actively in competition with self-responsibility. The three countries share both similarities aspects and different points. To learn experience from the United States, Britain and Germany about higher education shunt affecting social stratification mobility, our government should strengthen the macro-control, our higher education should implement reasonable.shunting, the community should boost healthy mobility, college and university students should raise awareness of upward mobility in the effect of our higher education shunt to social stratification mobility.The fourth part is the research in the way of China's higher education shunt affecting social stratification mobility, this being the fifth chapter. Based on the theoretical discussion, current situation analysis and experience abstract, from the perspective of the optimization of social class, social harmonious development and higher education, society and people's relationship, on the basis of meaning and reality on the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility, regarding harmonious development of higher education and society as the direction, with the purpose of reasonable higher education shunt facilitates social stratification mobility, this chapter advances improvement ways of our higher education shunt affecting social stratification mobility in the following four aspects:government should reform higher education system, higher education should optimize shunt way, community should create good cultural habits, college and university students should actively establish post performance and make their own career.Activity on the effect of higher education shunt to social stratification mobility is a complex systemically project which will benefit both the higher education and the government. It needs the combined effort of the government, the higher education, society and the students. Through the research, the thesis attempts to attract the attention and trigger more thinking from the government and the related personnel, meanwhile, it will broaden new space in the process of promoting social stratification reasonable mobility with the higher education reasonable shunt.