Development Of Evaluation Scale Of Human Adaptation Capability And Norm(Elderly People's Version)and Thier Application To Research On Fitness

China's physical fitness academia explicitly defines the physical fitness should include five elements:(1) level of growth;(2) level of physiological functions;(3) level of physical quality and movement capability;(4) level of psychological quali-ty;(5) adaptation to both external and internal environment. The research on latter two elements has been lagged far behind the first three elements, while the physical adaptation of elderly human has its special significance. The reasons for this are as follows:(1) Along with the age growth, physiological and psychological status will be weakened in a degree, and self-defense capabilities will also be diminished, therefore when facing with stressors the elderly is apt to physical and psychological imbalances to produce a variety of physical and mental illnesses.(2) The elderly are a special group of people of all ages, which should cope with variety of stressors different from other populations, and their adaptation characteristics is significantly different from other populations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the rating scale and norm ac-cording to stress characteristics of the elderly, to test and explore theoretical model of physical fitness for the Aged, and to develop appropriate physical fitness evaluation formula to further improve the physical theoretical system and index system.Based on existing theoretical model of human adaptation, this study use item analysis, structural equation modeling and et al to develop measurement tools and evaluation norm through three large-scale surveys, which is bring into empirical study of health response to stressors, test on physical fitness's theoretical model and com-prehensive evaluation. The conclusion is as follows:(1) evaluation scale of human adaptation capability (elderly people's version) has3dimensions and27items, which dimension of capability to adapt to the natural en-vironment includes7items, The capability to social environment include11items, and capability to physiological change include9items. Structural model, item quality, composite reliability, discriminate validity meet the standard of measurement, and the theoretical structure and internal consistency is stable through second test.(2) old human adaptation capability's scale have measurement invariance in dif-ferent gender, age and geographical samples and can be applied to different age groups, different gender groups and different geographical groups. Based on scale's Measurement Invariance, in order to popularize the scale, we use the percentage me-thod to set its norm.(3) The research, which regards human adaptation capability as third variable, show that is a relatively stable capability. In the higher level group, effect of stressor on health is less significant than in the low level group. Therefore, it plays a buffer role between the stressor and health.(4) In the different sex group, five-factors'theoretical models of physical fitness don't gain the support of empirical research. Therefore, this research uses data-driven approach to establish a new theoretical model which is similar with stateside model.(5) This paper add physical adaptation and psychological state into the compre-hensive evaluation, and The weights of various evaluation indices are also analyzed and calculated, which is compared with comprehensive evaluation of physical fitness of national physical fitness surveliance.