A Rearch On College Entrance Examination System Based On Nationalism

College Entrance Examination System belongs to the category of political system aswell as of educational system. As the educational system, the goal of College EntranceExamination System is to set standards and procedures for universities to select qualifiedfreshmen; as the political system, it reflects the will of the nation and promotes the publicand the state to reach the agreement so that the cohesion of the state is strengthened andthe stability of political situation is maintained. Ever since College Entrance ExaminationSystem was resumed in 1977, it has gone through the course of over thirty years. In theseyears, China has consistently conducted the exploration of the system, including the modeof exam and subject assigning, the subjects, content and rate of exam, the mode and planof enrolment, the admission system and relative technical links.Consequently CollegeEntrance Examination System with Chinese characteristic has been established, whichfocuses mainly on unified exam and enrolment and allows for the separate exams, themode of recommending a few students for admission to school, and independent decisionright for enrolment. However, despite the series of adjustment and reform, there has beenstill much dispute over College Entrance Examination System in the education circle andeven the whole society. In recent years, the public has harsher and harsher criticism of it.In an objective way, most of the discussion and evaluation on College EntranceExamination System follow the pattern of criticism-construction and overlook the surveyof the features of system production and changes, whereas normally the explanation ofhow the system produced and the analysis of how the system changed are the basis ofevaluating and constructing a system.As is well-known, China is a country with the tradition of high centralization. As thevalue basis of establishing and strengthening regime, nationalism, a doctrine on the wayand art of administering the state, ran through the whole development process of the state.Basing the state as the value standard, the interests of the state is held by-nationalism areabove everything else and carries out the will of the nation through the operation of powerin order to reach the goal of unity, stability and harmony of state. In the field of education,nationalism underlines education serves the state and embodies the will of the nation.More exactly, educational objective is generally set by the sovereign power department.The objective of the state is itself and above that of the individual. Meanwhile the state isconsidered as the final goal for the individual and the individual and even the society existfor the state. In the educational management system, nationalism attaches greatimportance to centralization so that the state has the most powerful and efficient functionand power. Starting from this point this dissertation conducts the research of CollegeEntrance Examination System in the frame of nationalism. At the angle of the interests ofthe state-the power of the state-the will of the nation and from the three factors of value trends, power and operation mode, combining the history of one hundred years and thereality and centering around the basic procedure of examination-enrolment, thisdissertation analyses the production and changes of College Entrance Examination Systemfrom five aspects of mode of exam, application qualification, the subjects and content ofexam, mode of enrolment and enrolment organization, reveals the inner logic of theoperation of College Entrance Examination System, discusses the influence of nationalismon the form and the social function of College Entrance Examination System andinterprets the essential features of College Entrance Examination System. Finally, it givesa brief account of the future trend about the reform of the system, based on the analyses ofthe dilemma now College Entrance Examination System faces.As the independent entity, the state, local government, universities, examinees andtheir parents are in pursuit of their respective interests. On the whole, in the combinationof learning and application and the goal of training the fundamental interests of the state,local government, universities and the individual are coherent instead of opposite. In thepast one hundred years, College Entrance Examination System has experienced fourstages: exploration, initial stage, suffered disaster, reconstruction and deepening of reform,with the value trend keeping the inner consistence which is the pursuit of interests of thestate as the highest goal. The state influences the construction of College EntranceExamination System in a profound and comprehensive way.At the very beginning stage, the state was in total control of College EntranceExamination System. After these years of reform and adjustment, the game playing patternbetween the power subjects such as the state, local government and universities,has turnedout some changes. The local government has obtained certain power to assign examsubjects and universities certain power of independent enrolment. But essentially thepower of the state dominates and forces forward in the operation of College EntranceExamination System.To a large extent the development of the state relies on that of education. Talents'training is the core of higher education. As the entrance of systematic project of highereducation talents training, College Entrance Examination System matters the interests andsecurity of the whole state and leads the development direction of education. The strategyhas changed from education as the foundation to build up the state, education as thefoundation of the prosperous country to education as the foundation to strengthen the state,while the will of the nation, a critical factor in deciding the direction of reform, has alwaysplayed an important role in the reform of system.After College Entrance Examination System has been studied in the frame ofnationalism, we find that the most distinct feature of College Entrance ExaminationSystem is the strong dominance of the state: the interests of the state is the starting point ofsystem design and construction, the power of the state is the basic power in promoting theoperation of system, the will of the nation is the critical factor in deciding the direction ofsystem operation. It can be said that the state is closely related to College Entrance Examination System, causing and promoting the prodution and reform of CollegeEntrance Examination System.Objective facts show that under the comprehensive influences of nationalism, CollegeEntrance Examination System plays a key role in promoting the prosperity and stability ofthe state, especially nowadays the public attaches great importance to social fairness andjustice. It is actually hard to find a more appropriate and more trusting system to replacethe present College Entrance Examination System. But there are some obvious problemsin this system, for example, the dominance of the interests of the state and the obscurity ofthe interests of local government, universities and the individual, the obligatoryadministrative influence of the state upon the operation of system and the suppression ofthe state and the obscurity of the interests of local government, universities and theindividual, the leading function of the will of the nation in deciding the direction of systemreform and the neglect of the will of local government, universities and the individual.Specifically the injustice of the equality before the opportunity of entering a higher school,the national standards' replacement of the standards of universities, the control of the stateon the enrolment plan, rigid selection standards and highly centralized admission rights.With the establishment of socialist market economic system and the rapiddevelopment of social economy, Chinese higher education has developed into the newstage of mass education with the characteristic of diversification, which demandscorresponding education ideas and education system. At the same time College EntranceExamination System is reformed in a very active way, such as the formation of the idea ofdiversified and harmonious unity, the establishment of flexible intervention pattern of thecountry suiting Chinese actual situation, further enlarging and implementing theindependent enrolment fight of universities and examinees' right to education and theactive cultivation of market force.