Return The Noumenon Of Moral Education: On The Evolution Of Moral Education Ideas In Universities And Colleges For New China

It's an important and hardly avoid question for moral education in universities and colleges that educating what kind of man and how to educate, so the relations between academic knowledge and politics, ideological issues and education have been argued in the academic circles of moral education in the world. In the 20th century of China, the relation between political ideology and Chinese pedagogy was considered "century-long issue in the development of pedagogy in China". From the perspective of knowledge sociology, the thesis reviews moral education in universities and colleges shouldn't observe neutrality, which must have some ideological standpoint. But in view of the value of education in university which demands on the convering, carrying on, criticizing, and creating culture, moral education in universities and colleges shouldn't give up its standpoint, which must keep necessary tension between academic knowledge and politics.How to control the tension between academic knowledge and politics for moral education in universities and colleges is the final aim of this thesis. The methodology of the research is the hermeneutics, and the reseach course is from the reality to the ideality. The author interprets the devolpment of moral education ideas in universities and colleges for new China through three arrangements which are the policy value guidance, the system arrangement, and the theory research. The research aims at analyzing the culture course and clarifying culture reason why moral education in universities and colleges get stuck in the dilemma, in order to seek a appropriate position between control and paideia, essence and masses through the history experience.Based on Hayek's spontaneous social order principle theory, the thesis points out that on the traditional cultural background of the union of politics and education , restricted the dream of great harmony and the inner-transcendmence principle of traditional moral education, therefore, influeced by the guidance on sovereign rights for the nation construction, the moral education ideas in universities and colleges obviously features "rationalism construction" during the initial post-liberation period, while seeking the idael moral state, from sanctification goes to dienation. Due to the strong control of politics ideological issues, the theory research on moral education in universities and colleges features "dependence" in the reality circumstances of intellectuals being transformed in this period. Restricted by the traditional social cultivation mode, directed by the idea of "destroy the old and establish the new", system constructions of moral education in universities and colleges features "revolutionize social cultivation".After the culture revolution, on the guidance of "reform and opening" policy as well as the principle of "emancipate the mind, seek truth from facts", along with the depening of economic restructuring and political restructing, pouded by the tides of market-orientied economy, knowledge economy, and the globalization, college students' awareness of oneself grow up graduatly, who also show solicitude for the meaning of life. In the new period, the theory reseach of moral education in universities and colleges also begin to pursue the question of restruction on social moral which put forward by college student and our age, while marching forward science and discipline. Through a exploratory stage, policy and reseach of moral education in universities and colleges both take care of the life of human being, and they get issues of common interest on the reconstruction of meaning and construction of order. But in the view of history experience and the culture dilemma as a most-modern coutry, with the idea of democracy, rule by law, freedom, equality, fairness, and justice, since new century, people get issues of common interest on the "human-oriented" and citizenship education. However, on the constract of the route to culture evolution of policy and reseach, the system construction of moral education in universities and colleges is immersed in "path dependence" to a certain extent, which remains some features of compulsory inculcate" and "politics displine".Through the analyse of moral education in universities and colleges from three quarters which are the policy, the theory reaserch, and the system construction since 1949, the thesis points out the moral education idea in universities and colleges shows a clear route from idealism to humanistic. However, there has been a trend of understanding human from the angle of tool and spirit, so the different understandings of human and the "path dependence"in system changes both restrict the system revolution of moral education in universities and colleges.Based on the history experience, according to beneficial experiences of moral and citizenship education on undergraduate level in the USA, the thesis proposes that moral education in universities and colleges can't keep neutrality, which must uphold clear vualue guidance, but on the basic point of education on humanity, the way of control must change. In the end, the thesis point out that moral education in universities and colleges should draw educating qualified citizen as a essential demand, in an attempt to make the idea of humanity to be worked out. On the guidance of idea serving for students, system construction of moral education in universities and colleges should improve from two aspects, one is spreading knowlege of citizen, the other is training citizen ability, in an attempt to break through the "path dependence".