Changes In Social Life And Academic

Based on both the life history of Li Shaoming,narrated by Li himself,and his academic works,this dissertation analyses the history of Chinese anthropology from early 1950's through the middle of 1960's, which is called by some native anthropologists and historians of anthropology as"having Chinese characters".Happily not to be taken as the biography of Li Shaoming,this dissertation should be considered as"the anthropology of an anthropologist",aiming to discuss the production of Chinese anthropological knowledge.In 1933 Li was born in Chengdu,Sichuan,the regional center of Southwest China where many ethnic minorities had been living for long. His father,Liheng,used to work for government of late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,helping set elementary schools for ethnic peoples in the remote western parts of Sichuan.Due to this,in 1950 when he obtained admission into West China Union University(华西协和大学),where he chose ethnology as his major,Li had been told by his father much about the minorities such as Tibetans,Yi and Miao people, which had been raising his interest into these"Others".Though he was twice transferred to another university during the four years of college time,which seemed having brought him quite different academic traditions,he had been mostly trained with Marxist materialism and Chinese Communist Party's policy and theory on minority's treatment, the latter mainly coming from former USSR.Having finished his courses in college,Li failed finding a job in Chongqing,where he hoped to work for the Minzu Affairs Committee under Southwest Bureau of central government(中共中央西南局民族委员会).After a two-year teaching in Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, in 1956 Li eventually grabbed an opportunity to leave there and join the nation-wide investigation into minorities organized by central government.He had been working within the team until 1964,serving as a common member,then a secretary and later a supervisor.During the period of investig?????;?;瑉椠?桴?敫?潴攠普牯散琠敨朠癯牥浮湥?畦据楴湯漠?摡業楮瑳慲楴湯愠捣牯楤杮琠?慬?潦?桴?潣獮牴捵楴湯漠?摡業楮瑳慲楴湯氠睡攠普牯散敭瑮猠獹整??楨慮椊?捯畣祰湩?桴?牣捵慩?桰獡?景攠潣潮業慣?湡?桴?潳楣污猠牴捵畴敲爊晥牯業杮?湕敤?桴?潣摮瑩潩?景洠牡敫?捥湯浯?椠?獩挠畲楣污猠捯慩?敤敶潬浰湥?敲畱獥?潦?桴?畦据楴湯漠?潌慣?畡桴牯瑩?景爠来潩慮?畡潴潮祭映牯渠瑡潩慮楬楴獥琠?敢琠慲獮潦浲摥?桔獩映畯瑲?慰瑲漠?桴?牡楴汣?湡污穹獥琠敨挠湯潮慴楴湯漠?桴?慬?湥潦捲浥湥?摡業楮瑳慲楴湯?桴?敭湡湩?景愠瑵湯浯畯?潬慣?潧敶湲敭瑮愠浤湩獩牴瑡癩?慬?湡?摡業楮瑳慲楴敶氠睡攠普牯散敭瑮猠獹整?愠摮戠楲杮?潦瑲?灳捥晩捩椠敤獡琊?潳癬?桴?牰扯敬?湩愠瑵湯浯畯?潬慣?潧敶湲敭瑮愠浤湩獩牴瑡潩??可?潬杮愠?桴?潧敶湲敭瑮椠?潧敶湲敭瑮戠?慬?椠獴愠瑵潨楲祴椠?楬業整?椠?畭瑳愠捣灥?慶楲畯?敲瑳慲湩?愠摮琠敨洠獯?慢楳?獩琠?捡散瑰?敬慧?桴?敲瑳慲湩?吠敨朠癯牥浮湥?湯祬洠癯湩?湩氠来污爠汵??捳灯?慣n ???;?;瑉椠?桴?敫?潴攠普牯散琠敨朠癯牥浮湥?畦据楴湯漠?摡業楮瑳慲楴湯愠捣牯楤杮琠?慬?潦?桴?潣獮牴捵楴湯漠?摡業楮瑳慲楴湯氠睡攠普牯散敭瑮猠獹整??楨慮椊?捯畣祰湩?桴?牣捵慩?桰獡?景攠潣潮業慣?湡?桴?潳楣污猠牴捵畴敲爊晥牯業杮?湕敤?桴?潣摮瑩潩?景洠牡敫?捥湯浯?椠?獩挠畲楣污猠捯慩?敤敶潬浰湥?敲畱獥?潦?桴?畦据楴湯漠?潌慣?畡桴牯瑩?景爠来潩慮?畡潴潮祭映牯渠瑡潩慮楬楴獥琠?敢琠慲獮潦浲摥?桔獩映畯瑲?慰瑲漠?桴?牡楴汣?湡污穹獥琠敨挠湯潮慴楴湯漠?桴?慬?湥潦捲浥湥?摡業楮瑳慲楴湯?桴?敭湡湩?景愠瑵湯浯畯?潬慣?潧敶湲敭瑮愠浤湩獩牴瑡癩?慬?湡?摡業楮瑳慲楴敶氠睡攠普牯散敭瑮猠獹整?愠摮戠楲杮?潦瑲?灳捥晩捩椠敤獡琊?潳癬?桴?牰扯敬?湩愠瑵湯浯畯?潬慣?潧敶湲敭瑮愠浤湩獩牴瑡潩??可?潬杮愠?桴?潧敶湲敭瑮椠?潧敶湲敭瑮戠?慬?椠獴愠瑵潨楲祴椠?楬業整?椠?畭瑳愠捣灥?慶楲畯?敲瑳慲湩?愠摮琠敨洠獯?慢楳?獩琠?捡散瑰?敬慧?桴?敲瑳慲湩?吠敨朠癯牥浮湥?湯祬洠癯湩?湩氠来污爠汵??捳灯?慣n Madison,Wisconsin:the University of Wisconsin Press,1991.) developed by George Stocking and his colleagues.As"colonial situations"unveils the political power behind western anthropology,it is admitted that political power also interferes in the production of Chinese ethnological knowledge.While in the western context"power"is seen as determinative,in China the relationship between power and knowledge is much more complicated and subtle for by tradition Chinese scholars(in this case anthropologists are also included) are more likely and consciously to cooperate with the politics.While western anthropology attempts to,from the emic point of view,understand"Others"well with the goal of governing them successfully,under the stress of building a new nation-state,Chinese anthropology is to sort minorities into the evolutionary ladder,aiming at fashioning them into the same phase of Han people."Colonial situation"means a first encounter in history between the western and natives,but in the case of China it is obvious that Han people, represented by anthropologists,and minorities,the objects of study who have developed their own civilizations and polities,have been historically in various relationships with one another for thousands of years.In conclusion,having noticed and analyzed the above differences and dialogues between western and Chinese anthropology,this dissertation goals to supplement the previous studies on history of the discipline of Chinese anthropology by providing a meaningful case, which(the studies) lack of dealing with,in details,the complexities of the period from early 1950's through the middle 1960's.