Researches On The Influences Of Intellect And Non-intellect Factors On Certain Sports Trainings And Competitions

Owing to the all-wave penetrations of science and technology, the competition of modern competitive sports becomes more and more drastic, which compel people to explore the potential of some peripheral factors vigorously such as psychological factor to advance athletic comprehensive competitive abilities. In terms of psychology, the potential of athletic physical fitness is limited, but the potential of athletic psychological ability is infinite. The training and developing to athletic intellectual ability are unprecedented highlighted by sports circle. According to psychology dichotomy of non-intellect factor theory of our country, the athletic psychological system can be divided into two series, namely intellect factor system and non-intellect factor system, the sports intellect system is executive-operating system, the sports non-intellect system is dynamical-regulatory system. The two complicated systems participate actively in athletic any sports trainings and competitions, the quality and level of activity of sports intellect and non-intellect factors influence the effects of activity of sports trainings and competitions directly. According to the system theory and in terms of athletic intellect and non-intellect system, this study mainly discussed the intellect and non-intellect factors how to influence athletic skill trainings and athletic competitions of specific events. This research defined sports intellect and non-intellect factors from the respect of operability, discussed the dialectical and interactive relations between them and analyzed the basic connotations,characters,cultivating means and measures and so on of ten specific sports intellect and non-intellect factors that influence sports trainings and competitions systematically. These researches enriched and supplemented the open modern theory systems for sports training, possessing definite theory meaning;in addition, through researching china's four dominant events of excellent athletes'implicit cognition, this study discussed demand differences of specific sports trainings and competitions of these sport events to different sports intellect and non-intellect factors. These research findings can not only deepen people's cognition to these events'characters, but also provide direct references for coaches and athletes who combine sports intellect and non-intellect factors organically to advance effects of specific sports trainings and competitions. To certain extent, these findings can change and advance people's training ideas and conceptions, so the research has definite practical values.Taking dialectical materialism and historical materialism as thought way and following the guidance of system theories and non-intellect factor theories of our country, this study takes the influences of intellect and non-intellect factors on sports trainings and competitions as research objects;takes partial teachers of colleges and universities,coaches,and excellent athletes of our country as investigation and research objects;takes four dominant events of our country, namely weight lifting,swimming,ping-pong and shooting as specific research projects. The main research methods that were adopted are: literature reviews,observations,expert interviews,logic analyses,questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics.The main conclusions of this study:(1) Exercise intellect factors refer to a series of steady and comprehensive psychological characteristics that athletes formed step by step through cognitive activity in the course of sports trainings and competitions;sports non-intellect factors are a series of steady and comprehensive psychological characteristics that athletes formed gradually through intentional activity in the process of sports trainings and competitions;Sports intellect and non-intellect factors have dialectical and interactive relations in the activities of exercise trainings and competitions.(2) According to the researches on excellent athletes'implicit cognition, athletes thought that the ten specific sports intellect and non-intellect factors that were researched commonly influence athletic skill trainings and competitions of specific sports of four dominant events, namely weight lifting,swimming,ping-pong and shooting, but the effects are different.(3) In the course of athletic skill trainings of specific sports of four dominant events of our country: in terms of high scores'sports intellect factors, the four events have different significant differences, sports will attention and sense of motion rhythm are all thought highly of by athletes of four events among the sports intellect factors;in terms of high scores'sports non-intellect factors, the four events also have different significant differences, sports interest,sports enthusiasm and sports self-esteem are all regarded as important by athletes of four events among the sports non-intellect factors.(4) In the activities of athletic competitions of specific sports of four dominant events of our country: in terms of high scores'sports intellect factors, the four events have different significant differences, sports will attention and sense of motion rhythm are all thought highly of by athletes of four events among the sports intellect factors;in terms of high scores'sports non-intellect factors, the four events also have different significant differences, sports enthusiasm,sports willpower and sports self-esteem are all regarded as important by athletes of four events among the sports non-intellect factors.(5) According to athletes'actual state of cognition, athletes should advance the of recognition level to the relations of sports intellect and non-intellect factors and exert promotion functions of sports intellect and non-intellect factors to specific sports trainings and competitions adequately, also should:â‘ carry out the principle that sports intellect and non-intellect factors are combined organically;â‘¡follow the principle that internalization and externalization are unified;â‘¢exert the principle that athletes'subjectivity and coaches'dominance are combined;â‘£cultivate athletes'favorable sports non-intellect factors.(6) To a large extent, the development and cultivation of sports intellect factors are the development and cultivation of athletes'specific sports intellect factors and qualities.(7) The main means of developing and cultivating sports non-intellect factors are persuasion,practical exercise,psychological guidance and self-education;the development and cultivation of specific sports non-intellect factors should adopt different measures and means.